Tooth extractions are a routine dental procedure performed for various reasons, such as severe decay, infection, or overcrowding. Immediately following the removal of a tooth, a dental professional will typically place a piece of gauze over the extraction site. The primary goal of this initial gauze is to apply localized pressure, which helps to control bleeding and initiate the natural healing process in the empty socket.
The Role of Gauze in Healing
Gauze placed after a tooth extraction applies direct pressure to the wound. This pressure helps compress the blood vessels in the area, encouraging the blood to coagulate and form a stable blood clot within the socket. This initial clot is a protective layer, shielding the exposed bone and nerve endings from the oral environment.
The blood clot is a key step in healing. It acts as a natural barrier against food particles and bacteria, reducing the risk of infection. Without a proper clot, the underlying bone and nerves can become exposed, leading to a painful condition known as a “dry socket.” The gauze is a temporary aid that supports healing and protects the extraction site.
Knowing When to Remove Gauze
The initial gauze pad should remain in place for about 30 to 60 minutes after the procedure. It is important to bite down firmly and consistently on the gauze during this period to ensure adequate pressure is applied to the extraction site.
After the recommended time, you can gently remove the gauze to check the bleeding. The goal is to see significantly reduced bleeding or for it to have stopped altogether. Minor oozing or a slight pink tint on the gauze is normal and not a cause for concern. When removing the gauze, do so slowly and carefully to avoid dislodging any newly formed blood clot, as this can disrupt the healing process.
Addressing Persistent Bleeding
If bleeding continues or restarts after initial gauze removal, begin by folding a fresh, clean piece of gauze into a small, thick square. Place this new gauze directly over the extraction site and bite down firmly, maintaining constant pressure for another 30 to 45 minutes.
While applying pressure, try to remain in an upright or reclined position, elevating your head to help reduce blood flow to the extraction site. Avoid actions like spitting, rinsing your mouth vigorously, or drinking through a straw, as these can dislodge the forming blood clot and worsen bleeding. A cold compress applied to the outside of your cheek near the extraction site for 15-minute intervals can also help constrict blood vessels and minimize bleeding and swelling. If heavy, uncontrolled bleeding persists for more than a few hours, or if you experience severe pain, increased swelling, or signs of infection such as fever or foul discharge, contact your dentist promptly.