Teeth sensitivity is common during pregnancy. This discomfort typically manifests as a sharp, temporary pain in the teeth when exposed to certain stimuli. These stimuli often include hot or cold foods and beverages, sugary items, or even cold air. Understanding its nature can help manage this condition.
When Sensitivity Typically Begins
Teeth sensitivity during pregnancy commonly emerges during the first or second trimester. For some, it appears as an early sign of pregnancy when hormonal changes begin. In other cases, sensitivity develops later as the body adjusts. The experience can range from a gradual increase in discomfort to a sudden awareness of heightened sensitivity.
Why Pregnancy Causes Teeth Sensitivity
Pregnancy brings about physiological changes that can influence oral health, leading to increased teeth sensitivity. Hormonal fluctuations, particularly elevated levels of progesterone and estrogen, significantly impact gum tissue. These hormones can cause increased blood flow to the gums, making them more susceptible to inflammation, tenderness, and even bleeding, a condition known as pregnancy gingivitis. This gum sensitivity can also make teeth feel more sensitive.
Morning sickness, characterized by frequent vomiting, also plays a role in dental sensitivity. The stomach acid that comes into contact with teeth during vomiting can erode the protective outer layer of tooth enamel. This erosion exposes the underlying dentin, which contains microscopic tubules leading to the tooth’s nerves, thus increasing sensitivity to external stimuli. Changes in saliva composition also contribute to altered oral conditions that can increase discomfort.
Managing Discomfort
Managing teeth sensitivity during pregnancy involves adopting specific oral hygiene practices and dietary considerations to alleviate discomfort. Using a soft-bristled toothbrush and a toothpaste specifically formulated for sensitive teeth can help reduce irritation and protect enamel. Brushing gently twice a day helps maintain cleanliness without aggravating sensitive gums or teeth.
Dietary adjustments also play a role in reducing sensitivity. Avoiding foods and drinks that are highly acidic or sugary, as well as those with extreme temperatures, can minimize painful reactions. After experiencing morning sickness or acid reflux, it is beneficial to rinse the mouth thoroughly with plain water or a fluoride mouthwash, rather than brushing immediately. Waiting about 30 minutes allows saliva to neutralize the acids and helps prevent further enamel erosion from brushing. Maintaining good oral health helps prevent plaque buildup and gum inflammation, which can exacerbate sensitivity.
When to Seek Professional Advice
While teeth sensitivity is a common pregnancy symptom, certain signs warrant a professional dental evaluation. Persistent or severe pain that does not subside with at-home care, or sensitivity accompanied by noticeable swelling or bleeding gums, should prompt a visit to the dentist. The presence of a visible cavity, a cracked tooth, or any unusual growths on the gums also indicates the need for professional assessment. Inform your dentist about the pregnancy, as this allows them to tailor safe treatments and recommendations.