Wisdom teeth extraction is a common dental procedure involving the removal of third molars, often due to impaction, crowding, or other complications. Post-operative recovery is a normal part of this process, and some swelling is an expected response as the body heals.
Swelling Onset and Progression
Swelling typically begins within hours after wisdom teeth extraction. This is the body’s immediate response to the surgery. It intensifies, usually peaking around 48 to 72 hours (2 to 3 days) post-procedure. During this time, the face may feel warm, tight, and bruising might appear along the jawline.
Swelling generally subsides gradually after peaking. Most patients see significant improvement by days 4 to 5, with most puffiness reducing by day 7. Complete resolution can take one to two weeks, especially in complex cases. Swelling is a natural response to tissue injury, as the body sends extra blood and fluid to the affected area to promote healing.
Strategies for Swelling Management
Applying cold compresses immediately after surgery is a primary strategy for managing swelling. For the first 24 to 48 hours, apply an ice pack wrapped in cloth to the outside of the cheek near the extraction site for 15 to 20 minutes, followed by a 15 to 20-minute break. This cold therapy constricts blood vessels, reducing blood flow and minimizing fluid accumulation. After 48 hours, switch to warm compresses to help reduce stiffness and promote blood circulation.
Elevating the head, especially while resting or sleeping, helps reduce swelling by preventing blood from pooling in the facial area. Using extra pillows or sleeping in a reclining chair can maintain this elevated position. Over-the-counter non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, are recommended to reduce both pain and inflammation. Take these medications as directed, often before anesthesia wears off, to manage discomfort proactively.
Recognizing Concerning Swelling
While some swelling is normal, certain signs may indicate a complication requiring professional attention. Swelling that worsens significantly after the third day, rather than improving, can be a red flag. If swelling spreads beyond the jaw and face, such as to the neck or chest, it warrants immediate concern.
Other concerning symptoms include severe pain that does not subside with medication or worsens over time. A fever above 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius), pus, or a foul odor or taste from the surgical site can indicate an infection. Difficulty swallowing or breathing are serious symptoms requiring immediate medical attention. Contact your oral surgeon or dentist promptly if any of these symptoms occur to prevent further complications and ensure a smooth recovery.