The blue jay, Cyanocitta cristata, is a bird recognized across much of North America for its striking blue, white, and black plumage. These intelligent birds are often seen in various habitats, from dense forests to suburban areas, and are known for their varied vocalizations and adaptable nature.
Nesting and Egg Laying
Blue jays typically begin their nesting season in spring, with activity usually starting in mid-March and extending through July. Nest building peaks in April and May. Both the male and female participate in constructing their bulky, cup-shaped nests.
Nests are commonly situated in trees or large shrubs, typically 10 to 25 feet above the ground, often nestled in a crotch or sturdy fork of a branch. They gather materials such as twigs, grass, bark strips, moss, and sometimes even mud, paper, or cloth. Once the nest is complete, the female blue jay lays a clutch of 2 to 7 eggs, though 3 to 6 eggs are more common.
Blue jay eggs display a range of colors, frequently appearing as bluish or light brown, or sometimes greenish-buff to dull olive. They are often marked with darker brown spots or blotches, which tend to be more concentrated at the larger end of the egg. These eggs measure approximately 1 inch in length.
The Incubation Period
After the eggs are laid, the incubation period for blue jay eggs is typically 17 to 18 days. The female blue jay primarily handles the incubation, providing the necessary warmth for embryo development. While the female is on the nest, the male blue jay assumes the role of bringing her food.
Occasionally, the male may briefly assist with incubation, allowing the female short breaks. This dedicated brooding ensures the consistent temperature required for the chicks to mature within their shells.
Life After Hatching
Upon hatching, blue jay chicks are altricial, meaning they are born in a helpless state, typically blind, featherless, and with their eyes closed for the first four to five days. Both parent birds share the responsibility of feeding and caring for their young during this vulnerable stage. The male joins the female in foraging for food to sustain the rapidly growing nestlings.
The young chicks remain in the nest for a period known as the nestling phase, which usually lasts between 17 and 21 days. During this time, they develop feathers and grow in strength. Once they are ready, the young blue jays fledge, or leave the nest, typically around 17 to 21 days after hatching. Even after leaving the nest, they often remain with their parents for another one to two months, continuing to be fed and guided as they learn to forage independently.