Wisdom tooth extraction is a common dental procedure. Proper post-operative care, especially managing the extraction sites, is important for a smooth healing process. This article guides when and how to clean these areas to support recovery.
Initial Healing Period and Restrictions
The first 24 to 48 hours after wisdom tooth extraction are crucial for healing. A blood clot forms in the extraction site, protecting the underlying bone and nerves and preventing complications like dry socket. Disrupting this clot can delay healing and increase discomfort.
Avoid activities that could dislodge the clot, including forceful rinsing, spitting, or gargling. Avoid straws, as the sucking motion can dislodge the clot. Smoking is discouraged for at least seven days, as it impairs healing and increases the risk of dry socket.
A soft diet (e.g., ice cream, yogurt, smoothies) is recommended, and hot liquids should be avoided for 24 hours. Follow your oral surgeon’s gentle care instructions, such as biting firmly on gauze to control bleeding.
When and How to Safely Clean the Sites
Gentle cleaning of the extraction sites can begin 24 to 48 hours after surgery, or as advised by your oral surgeon. The goal is to maintain oral hygiene without disturbing the forming blood clot.
Gentle salt water rinses are an effective method for cleaning. Prepare the solution by dissolving half a teaspoon of salt in eight ounces of warm water. Gently swish the solution in your mouth, allowing it to fall out without forceful spitting. Perform these rinses several times a day, particularly after meals and before bedtime, for about a week.
Irrigating Syringe
If your surgeon provides a plastic irrigating syringe, its use typically begins around 5 to 7 days after surgery. Fill the syringe with warm salt water and gently direct the tip into the extraction site to flush out any trapped food particles. This can be done after meals and at bedtime for a few weeks, reducing frequency as the site heals.
When brushing, use a soft-bristled toothbrush and gently clean all teeth, carefully avoiding direct contact with the surgical site initially.
Recognizing and Addressing Complications
Even with diligent post-operative care, complications can arise, and recognizing their signs is important for timely treatment. Dry socket (alveolar osteitis) occurs when the blood clot dislodges or dissolves prematurely, exposing bone and nerves. Symptoms include severe, throbbing pain, usually starting 1 to 5 days after surgery and radiating to the ear, eye, temple, or neck. Other indicators are a foul taste or smell from the extraction site, or a visible empty socket.
Signs of infection include worsening swelling and redness around the extraction site, pus or unusual discharge, persistent pain not improving with medication, or a fever. Swollen glands in the neck or jaw, or a persistent bad taste, can also signal infection. Difficulty opening the mouth or limited jaw movement may also occur. If any of these symptoms, persistent bleeding, or unusual numbness occur, contact your oral surgeon immediately for assessment and treatment.