Monkeypox is a viral illness that can affect various parts of the body, including the skin and mucous membranes. It can lead to the formation of lesions inside the mouth and on the tongue. Oral lesions are a common symptom of monkeypox, and they can cause considerable discomfort for affected individuals.
How Monkeypox Affects the Tongue
Monkeypox lesions on the tongue and within the mouth typically progress through several stages, similar to those seen on the skin. They often begin as small, flat, discolored spots (macules) or raised bumps (papules) before developing into fluid-filled blisters (vesicles) and then pus-filled sores (pustules). These lesions can appear as ulcers and may be accompanied by swelling of the tongue or other oral tissues. Oral lesions are reported in a significant number of cases, sometimes appearing before skin rashes.
The Impact of Oral Lesions
Oral lesions associated with monkeypox can lead to various physical and functional difficulties. Individuals often experience significant pain in the affected areas, making routine activities challenging. The presence of sores on the tongue and inside the mouth can cause considerable discomfort when eating, leading to a reduced ability to consume food. Swallowing becomes painful and difficult, which can hinder adequate fluid intake. Speaking may also be affected due to the pain and physical presence of the lesions, and these symptoms can negatively influence a person’s overall well-being and daily life.
Relief for Oral Symptoms
Managing discomfort from monkeypox tongue lesions involves several supportive measures. Adopting a soft food diet can reduce irritation and pain during eating, as it minimizes friction against the lesions. Staying well-hydrated is also important, and strategies like sipping water or other fluids can help maintain moisture and soothe the mouth. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help manage general pain.
For more localized relief, topical oral anesthetics like lidocaine or benzocaine gels can be applied directly to the lesions to numb the area temporarily. Rinsing the mouth with saltwater at least four times a day is another recommended practice for oral rash. Using oral antiseptic mouthwashes, such as chlorhexidine, can help maintain good oral hygiene and prevent secondary bacterial infections. Some healthcare providers may also suggest prescription analgesic mouthwashes, which often contain a combination of soothing and numbing agents.
When to Consult a Doctor
Seeking professional medical attention is important if you suspect monkeypox, especially if oral lesions are present, as diagnosis requires specific medical testing, such as a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test from a lesion swab. You should consult a healthcare provider if you experience severe pain in your mouth or on your tongue that is not relieved by over-the-counter medications. Inability to eat or drink due to pain or difficulty swallowing warrants immediate medical evaluation, as this can lead to dehydration and malnutrition. Worsening symptoms, such as lesions spreading rapidly, increasing in size, or showing signs of secondary infection like pus or excessive redness, also indicate a need for medical attention. Any concerns about the infection, including fever, swollen lymph nodes, or a new rash, should prompt a discussion with a healthcare professional to ensure proper diagnosis and management.