“Greening out” describes an uncomfortable experience after consuming too much cannabis. While disorienting and unsettling, it is generally not life-threatening. It occurs when the body reacts adversely to cannabis, leading to physical and mental effects. Understanding how to recognize and respond to this situation can help individuals provide appropriate support.
Understanding Greening Out
Greening out involves symptoms indicating the body has received more tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis, than it can comfortably process. Physical sensations include nausea (potentially leading to vomiting), dizziness, or lightheadedness. Individuals might also experience profuse sweating, a rapid heart rate, or a noticeable paleness of the skin. Some people report feeling physically immobile or having headaches.
Psychological symptoms are also common and can be particularly distressing. These include heightened anxiety, paranoia, or panic attacks. Individuals may feel disoriented, confused, or overwhelmed, sometimes experiencing altered sensory perceptions or mild hallucinations. These reactions occur because the high concentration of THC can overwhelm the body’s endocannabinoid system, disrupting the normal balance of neurotransmitters.
Several factors contribute to greening out, primarily consuming THC beyond an individual’s tolerance. This often happens with potent cannabis strains or concentrates, or edibles, which have a delayed onset and can lead to unintentional overconsumption. Combining cannabis with other substances, such as alcohol, can also intensify these effects, increasing the likelihood of an adverse reaction.
Providing Immediate Support
If someone is greening out, prioritize creating a safe and calming environment. Guide the individual to a quiet space away from noise or stimulation, allowing them to sit or lie down comfortably. Reassurance is important; speak in a calm, steady voice and remind them that the effects are temporary and will pass. Your presence and a supportive demeanor can significantly help reduce their distress.
Offer small sips of water for hydration, especially if they are experiencing nausea or dry mouth. A light snack, such as toast, might also help if they feel queasy, as stabilizing blood sugar levels can alleviate some physical symptoms. If nausea is severe, encourage them to lie on their side to prevent choking if they vomit.
Comfort measures include loosening tight clothing or providing a cool compress if they feel overheated. Gentle distraction techniques, such as deep, slow breathing exercises, can regulate their heart rate and reduce panic. Engaging in simple conversation or focusing on a calming object can help ground them. It is important to remain with the person until their symptoms subside and to avoid offering them any more cannabis or other substances, which could worsen their condition.
Knowing When to Get Medical Help
While greening out is typically not life-threatening, certain signs indicate professional medical attention is needed. Seek emergency medical help if the person loses consciousness or becomes unresponsive. If they experience seizures, severe difficulty breathing, or chest pain, contact emergency services immediately. These symptoms suggest a more serious reaction that requires prompt medical evaluation.
Uncontrolled vomiting, especially if it leads to dehydration, indicates a need for professional help. If the individual exhibits extreme paranoia, hallucinations, or psychotic reactions posing a danger to themselves or others, medical intervention is also advised. Even if the exact cause of the reaction is uncertain, it is always advisable to err on the side of caution and contact emergency services or a poison control center. Providing medical professionals with information about cannabis use can aid in their assessment and treatment.