A popped blood vessel in the eye, medically known as a subconjunctival hemorrhage, appears as a bright red patch on the white of the eye. Despite its dramatic appearance, this condition is usually harmless. It typically resolves on its own without intervention.
Understanding a Popped Blood Vessel in the Eye
A subconjunctival hemorrhage occurs when a tiny blood vessel breaks directly beneath the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye and lining the inside of the eyelids. This thin layer contains numerous small, fragile blood vessels. When one ruptures, blood becomes trapped between the conjunctiva and the underlying sclera, creating a visible red spot.
The appearance is a flat, bright red patch, resembling a bruise on the skin. It can range from a small spot to covering a significant portion of the eye’s white area. It typically causes no pain, discharge, or changes in vision because the blood remains on the surface.
Common Causes
Often, the exact cause of a subconjunctival hemorrhage remains unknown. However, many common activities can lead to a sudden, brief increase in pressure in the veins of the head and neck, causing these delicate vessels to break. Forceful actions such as coughing, sneezing, or vomiting are frequent culprits.
Straining during bowel movements, heavy lifting, or even vigorous eye rubbing can also contribute to a popped blood vessel. Minor eye trauma, like accidentally poking the eye or improper contact lens use, can also trigger a hemorrhage.
When to Seek Professional Medical Advice
While most subconjunctival hemorrhages are benign, certain symptoms or circumstances warrant immediate medical attention. Vision changes, such as blurriness, double vision, or loss of sight, are significant warning signs requiring professional evaluation. Eye pain, sensitivity to light, or any discharge from the eye also suggest a more serious underlying issue.
If the hemorrhage results from a recent eye injury, or recurs frequently without an obvious cause, consult a healthcare provider. Other concerning signs include blood over the black part of the eye (pupil), or if the hemorrhage is accompanied by unexplained bruising or bleeding elsewhere on the body. These indicators suggest further investigation is needed to rule out conditions like high blood pressure, bleeding disorders, or other vascular issues.
Management and Recovery
For a typical subconjunctival hemorrhage without concerning symptoms, specific treatment is not required. The eye naturally reabsorbs the blood, much like a bruise on the skin. This healing process usually takes one to two weeks, though larger spots may take slightly longer.
During recovery, the bright red patch will gradually change color, often turning yellowish as the blood clears. While a mild scratchy feeling on the eye’s surface may occur, vision typically remains unaffected. Avoid rubbing the eye, and artificial tears can alleviate any irritation.