Skittles candies are recognized by their distinctively colorful and glossy outer shell, which encases a chewy, fruity center. This protective layer contributes to the candy’s visual appeal and characteristic texture. This article explores the specific ingredients that form the Skittles shell and details its manufacturing process.
Key Components of the Skittles Shell
The outer shell of a Skittle primarily consists of sugar, forming the bulk of its hard, crunchy texture. Corn syrup is another significant ingredient, contributing to both the shell’s structure and sweetness. Hydrogenated palm kernel oil is also incorporated, which helps maintain the candy’s shape and consistency.
To achieve its smooth finish, the shell includes gum arabic, a natural gum derived from acacia trees. Carnauba wax is applied as a glazing agent, giving the candies their signature shine. Various artificial colors are used to create the vibrant “rainbow” of Skittles, with specific dyes like Red 40 Lake, Yellow 5 Lake, and Blue 2 Lake commonly listed.
Purpose Behind Each Ingredient
Each component of the Skittles shell serves a specific function, contributing to the candy’s overall properties. Sugar and corn syrup work together to create the hard, crystalline structure of the shell, providing both sweetness and a satisfying crunch. Corn syrup also helps manage sugar crystallization, preventing it from becoming too brittle.
Gum arabic acts as a binding agent, helping to form and strengthen the shell, reducing cracking. It also contributes to a smoother texture and prevents candies from sticking together. Carnauba wax provides the glossy, polished appearance and forms a protective barrier that prevents melting and sticking. This wax also extends the candy’s shelf life and enhances its visual appeal. Artificial colors are added solely for aesthetic purposes, giving each Skittle its distinct and vibrant hue.
How the Shell is Formed
The Skittles shell is created through a process known as “panning” or “coating,” which involves building up layers on the candy’s chewy center. The centers are placed into large, rotating drums. As these drums tumble, thin layers of sugar syrup, containing colors and other ingredients, are gradually applied.
This process is repeated multiple times, with each layer allowed to dry before the next is added. For Skittles, this can involve applying dozens of layers over several hours, resulting in a shell that constitutes a significant portion of the candy’s final weight. After the colored layers are complete, a final application of carnauba wax provides the characteristic glossy finish and protective coating.