“Imbecile cord” is not a recognized medical term; the correct biological structure is the umbilical cord. This article provides accurate information about the umbilical cord, a structure that plays a role in fetal development. Understanding its function and care is important for anyone interested in pregnancy and birth.
Understanding the Umbilical Cord
The umbilical cord is a flexible, tube-like structure connecting the developing fetus to the placenta. At full term, it measures about 50 to 60 centimeters (20 to 24 inches) long and 1 to 2.5 centimeters (0.4 to 1 inch) in diameter. It forms around the fifth week of gestation.
The cord contains three main blood vessels: two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein. These vessels are protected by Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance. The two umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste products from the fetus to the placenta. The single umbilical vein transports oxygen-rich blood and nutrients from the placenta to the developing fetus.
The Cord’s Role During Pregnancy
The umbilical cord functions as the primary conduit for metabolic exchange between the mother and the developing fetus throughout pregnancy. It ensures the fetus receives adequate nourishment and oxygen for growth and development. This connection is important because the fetal lungs and liver are not fully functional in utero.
Blood flow through the umbilical cord is substantial, increasing as pregnancy progresses. This efficient circulation supports all aspects of fetal development, from organ formation to overall growth.
After Birth: Cord Clamping and Care
Immediately after birth, the umbilical cord is no longer needed as the baby begins to breathe independently and its own organs, like the lungs and liver, take over their functions. Healthcare providers will clamp and cut the umbilical cord, a painless procedure for both the mother and baby. The remaining portion attached to the baby is called the umbilical cord stump.
Delayed cord clamping is a practice where the cord is clamped a short period after birth, typically between 30 seconds and a few minutes, allowing more blood to transfer from the placenta to the newborn. The umbilical stump requires simple care to prevent infection and facilitate its natural drying and detachment, which usually occurs within one to three weeks. Keeping the stump clean and dry is recommended; signs of potential infection, such as redness, swelling, pus-like discharge, or a foul odor, should be reported to a healthcare provider.
Beyond Birth: The Potential of Umbilical Cord Blood
Beyond its immediate role, the umbilical cord holds medical significance due to the blood remaining within it after birth. This “cord blood” is a rich source of hematopoietic stem cells, which can develop into various blood cells and regenerate blood and immune systems.
Umbilical cord blood stem cells are used in medical treatments for conditions like blood disorders, immune deficiencies, and some cancers. Parents can donate cord blood to a public bank for general use or store it in a private bank for their family’s future needs. Both options have different benefits and considerations.