Jade plants (Crassula ovata) are popular succulents known for their thick, woody stems and fleshy, oval-shaped leaves. They can thrive for decades, but understanding their temperature requirements is fundamental to their long-term health. Proper temperature prevents issues like stunted growth or irreversible damage.
Optimal Temperature for Jade Plants
Jade plants prefer mild, stable conditions, mimicking their native South African habitat. The ideal daytime temperature for optimal growth is between 65°F and 75°F (18°C to 24°C). This range supports their metabolic processes and robust development.
Nighttime temperatures can be slightly cooler, ideally 55-60°F (13-16°C). Avoiding sudden temperature fluctuations is important, as rapid changes stress the plant. Consistent indoor climates promote healthy foliage and prevent stress.
Jade Plants and Cold Temperatures
Jade plants are not frost-tolerant and are sensitive to cold. Temperatures below 50°F (10°C) can cause stress, leading to leaf drop or root damage. Prolonged exposure below 45°F (7°C) can result in cold shock and irreversible cell damage.
If temperatures drop to 32°F (0°C) or below, water within the plant’s fleshy leaves and stems can freeze, causing cell walls to burst. This leads to mushy, discolored, or transparent leaves, a condition known as frostbite, which can be fatal. Signs of cold damage include leaves turning brown or black, becoming soft, or shriveling and dropping.
Jade Plants and Hot Temperatures
While jade plants originate from warm climates, they have limits regarding heat exposure. They can tolerate temperatures up to 90°F (32°C). However, if temperatures consistently exceed 85°F (29°C), especially with direct sunlight, the plant can experience heat stress.
Symptoms of heat stress include wrinkled or shriveled leaves, indicating dehydration. Leaves may also lose vibrant color, develop brown spots from sunburn, or begin to droop and drop. Above 90°F (32°C), these signs become more pronounced, signaling the plant is struggling.
Protecting Your Jade Plant from Extremes
Protecting jade plants from extreme temperatures involves proactive measures and careful placement. If kept outdoors, bring the plant inside before nighttime temperatures consistently fall below 50°F (10°C). Moving it indoors also protects from cold drafts, which can be as damaging as sustained low temperatures.
During hot spells, providing afternoon shade can prevent sunburn and reduce heat stress, particularly for outdoor plants. For indoor plants, avoid placing them near heating or cooling vents, as these cause sudden temperature fluctuations. Good air circulation is beneficial, but direct drafts should be avoided to maintain a stable environment.