Many people encounter the terms ECG and EKG and often wonder if they refer to distinct medical procedures. This article aims to clarify the terminology, what the test measures, and what patients can expect during the procedure.
Clarifying the Terminology
ECG and EKG are two abbreviations for the same medical test: an electrocardiogram. “ECG” is the English abbreviation for Electrocardiogram. “EKG” originates from the German word “Elektrokardiogramm.”
The use of “EKG” gained traction because Willem Einthoven, a Dutch physiologist who developed the first practical electrocardiograph in 1895, published his work in German scientific journals. The “K” in EKG also helps avoid confusion with “EEG,” which stands for electroencephalogram, a test that measures brain waves.
What an ECG/EKG Measures
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is designed to measure the electrical activity of the heart. Each time the heart beats, it generates tiny electrical impulses that travel through the heart muscle, coordinating its contractions. The ECG/EKG records these electrical signals over time, displaying them as characteristic wavy lines on a screen or paper.
This measurement provides insights into the heart’s function. By analyzing the patterns of these electrical impulses, healthcare professionals can assess the heart’s rate and rhythm, detect any irregularities, and identify signs of various heart conditions. For example, an ECG/EKG can help diagnose a heart attack, identify abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias), and monitor the effectiveness of certain heart medications or implanted devices. It can also reveal evidence of poor blood supply to the heart or structural abnormalities like an enlarged heart.
The Procedure and What to Expect
Undergoing an ECG or EKG is a non-invasive, painless procedure that takes only a few minutes. During the test, a healthcare provider places several small, sticky patches called electrodes on your chest, arms, and legs. These electrodes are connected by wires to a machine that records the electrical signals from your heart.
You will lie still on an exam table while the recording is made to ensure accurate readings. Remain calm and avoid talking or moving during this brief period, as movement can interfere with the results. The machine simply records the natural electrical activity produced by your heart; it does not send any electricity into your body, so there is no risk of electric shock. After the recording is complete, the electrodes are removed, and you can resume your normal activities immediately.