The Bordetella intranasal vaccine is a preventative measure against canine infectious respiratory disease. This vaccine delivers protective agents directly into the nasal passages, where they stimulate a localized immune response. It offers a way to help protect dogs from a common respiratory illness, particularly those frequently exposed to other canines.
Understanding Bordetella Bronchiseptica
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a bacterium recognized as a primary cause of canine infectious respiratory disease complex, often known as kennel cough. This bacterium targets the respiratory systems of dogs and cats, and is closely related to the bacterium causing whooping cough in humans.
The bacterium is highly contagious and spreads through direct contact and airborne droplets. Contaminated surfaces like food bowls, toys, or bedding can also harbor the bacteria. Dogs commonly contract this infection where many dogs gather, including boarding kennels, dog parks, and training classes. Symptoms involve a persistent dry hacking cough, which can sound like a goose honk, along with sneezing and nasal discharge.
The Intranasal Vaccine: Administration and Immunity
The intranasal Bordetella vaccine is administered directly into the dog’s nostrils as drops or a mist, rather than through an injection. This method allows the vaccine to directly contact the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, mimicking the natural route of infection. This direct application stimulates a localized immune response.
The vaccine works by inducing both local mucosal immunity and systemic antibodies. This dual protection helps prevent the establishment of the bacterium in the respiratory passages. The intranasal vaccine has a rapid onset of immunity, providing protection within 48 to 72 hours after a single dose. This rapid response is beneficial for dogs requiring quick protection before potential exposure.
Key Advantages and What to Expect
The intranasal Bordetella vaccine offers benefits for dogs, particularly those with a social lifestyle. It is effective in preventing kennel cough or significantly reducing the severity of symptoms if an infection occurs. This helps to ensure that vaccinated dogs experience milder clinical signs, even if they encounter the bacterium.
After vaccination, dogs may experience mild, temporary side effects, such as sneezing, coughing, or a runny nose, which resolve within one or two days. These are mild reactions as the immune system responds. The intranasal vaccine is recommended for dogs that frequently interact with other canines, such such as those attending dog parks, daycare, boarding facilities, or grooming salons, due to their increased risk of exposure. Immunity from the intranasal vaccine can last up to one year, with some high-risk dogs benefiting from a booster every six months.