Isoquercetin is a naturally occurring plant compound gaining attention for its potential health applications. It belongs to a large group of substances called flavonoids, which are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom.
What is Isoquercetin?
Isoquercetin is a specific type of flavonoid, classified as a flavonol. It is chemically known as quercetin 3-O-glucoside, meaning it is quercetin with a glucose sugar molecule attached at a particular position on its structure. This attachment differentiates it from quercetin itself, which is the “aglycone” form, lacking the sugar component.
This compound is abundant in various plant species, often found alongside other flavonoids. Its natural origin in plants underscores its presence in many common dietary items. While closely related to quercetin, the addition of the glucose molecule in isoquercetin impacts how the body processes and utilizes it.
How Isoquercetin Supports Health
Isoquercetin supports health through several distinct mechanisms within the body, primarily due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It acts as an antioxidant by neutralizing free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can cause cellular damage and contribute to various health issues. This protective action involves inhibiting lipid peroxidation, a process where free radicals attack fats in cell membranes, and directly scavenging reactive oxygen species like hydroxyl and superoxide radicals.
Beyond its antioxidant capabilities, isoquercetin demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects by modulating inflammatory pathways. It can influence the balance of immune cells, specifically CD4+ T helper cells, promoting a cytokine profile that supports a beneficial immune response. This modulation helps to reduce excessive inflammation, which is implicated in numerous chronic conditions.
Isoquercetin also shows potential in supporting cellular health and specific body systems. It has been investigated for its role in cardiovascular support, where its antioxidant actions may help prevent plaque buildup and reduce damage to LDL cholesterol. Additionally, it has exhibited broad-spectrum antiviral activities in preclinical studies, showing the ability to reduce cell infection by various viruses, including influenza and dengue.
Where to Find Isoquercetin
Isoquercetin is naturally present in a variety of common fruits, vegetables, and beverages. Foods rich in this flavonoid include leafy vegetables, broccoli, red onions, peppers, apples, grapes, and cherries. It can also be found in teas, such as black and green tea, and red wine. The amount of isoquercetin in these natural sources can vary based on factors like species, growing conditions, ripeness, and preparation methods.
In addition to dietary sources, isoquercetin is available in supplement form. Individuals may choose supplements to achieve higher, more consistent levels of the compound than typically obtained through diet alone. Some supplements offer isoquercetin in formulations designed to enhance its absorption, which can be a consideration when seeking specific health support.
Using Isoquercetin Safely
When considering isoquercetin supplementation, understanding its bioavailability and absorption is helpful. Isoquercetin, as a glycoside, is generally absorbed more readily than the aglycone form of quercetin. It is often formulated to enhance its uptake, with some preparations boasting significantly improved absorption compared to standard quercetin.
While isoquercetin is generally considered safe when taken in reasonable amounts for short durations, exceeding typical doses or using it long-term may warrant caution. Mild side effects such as headaches or tingling in the arms and legs have been reported, although these are uncommon. High doses of quercetin, which isoquercetin is converted into, have been associated with potential kidney damage in some cases.
It is also important to consider potential interactions with medications. Quercetin, and by extension isoquercetin, may interact with certain drugs by affecting how they are metabolized or transported in the body. Therefore, consulting a healthcare professional is always recommended before starting any new supplement, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking other medications, to ensure safe and appropriate use.