Blood pressure consists of two numbers, offering insights into cardiovascular function. This article focuses on the second of these values, known as diastolic pressure. Understanding this lower number is important for evaluating overall heart health.
Understanding Diastolic Pressure
The term “DIA” refers to diastolic, which describes the phase when the heart muscle relaxes between beats. Diastolic pressure specifically measures the force exerted on artery walls during this relaxation period. It represents the minimum pressure within the arteries as the heart refills with blood, preparing for its next contraction.
This measurement is consistently the bottom number in a blood pressure reading, such as 120/80 mmHg, where 80 mmHg would be the diastolic pressure. It reflects the resting pressure within the circulatory system, indicating the resilience and elasticity of blood vessels. This resting pressure is important because it ensures a continuous flow of blood and oxygen to the body’s tissues, even between the heart’s pumping actions.
Interpreting Diastolic Readings
Diastolic blood pressure readings are categorized to help assess an individual’s cardiovascular health status. An ideal diastolic pressure for most adults is typically less than 80 mmHg.
Readings between 80-89 mmHg, when systolic pressure is between 130-139 mmHg, are classified as Stage 1 Hypertension. If diastolic pressure is 80-89 mmHg while systolic is below 120 mmHg, it is considered isolated diastolic hypertension. When diastolic pressure reaches 90 mmHg or higher, it is categorized as Stage 2 Hypertension. A diastolic reading of 120 mmHg or higher, often accompanied by a systolic reading of 180 mmHg or higher, signifies a hypertensive crisis, requiring immediate medical attention.
Why Diastolic Pressure Matters
Consistently high diastolic pressure suggests increased pressure in the arteries even when the heart is at rest, which can strain blood vessels over time. This sustained pressure can contribute to the hardening and narrowing of arteries, potentially impairing blood flow and oxygen delivery to organs.
Conversely, a diastolic pressure that is too low can also indicate health concerns. Low diastolic pressure might mean that the heart’s coronary arteries, which receive blood during the diastolic phase, are not getting enough blood supply. Both high and low diastolic readings can signal underlying issues affecting the heart and circulatory system. Therefore, diastolic pressure acts as an important companion to systolic pressure in providing a comprehensive view of heart health.