Cruising offers a unique travel experience, but the close environment can sometimes lead to the spread of various health issues. The term “cruise ship disease” generally refers to a range of illnesses that can occur when many people are in a confined space for an extended period. Understanding these potential health challenges and how they arise can help travelers prepare for a smoother voyage.
Common Cruise Ship Illnesses
Gastrointestinal illnesses are frequently encountered on cruise ships, with Norovirus being a primary concern. This highly contagious virus causes symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps, and it is a common cause of outbreaks in various settings, including cruise ships. Norovirus is particularly notable for its resilience, as it can survive against commonly used cleaning disinfectants.
Respiratory illnesses also pose a risk in the cruise environment. Common colds, influenza, and other viruses like COVID-19 can spread among passengers and crew. Symptoms typically include cough, sore throat, and fever. Less common, but still possible, are issues such as skin infections, which can arise from shared facilities like pools, and other foodborne illnesses caused by bacteria like Salmonella or E. coli.
How Illnesses Spread on Board
A large number of passengers and crew members are housed in close quarters, increasing the likelihood of person-to-person contact. This proximity allows for easy exchange of airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing, and direct contact can also transfer pathogens.
Shared facilities on board, such as dining areas, buffets, swimming pools, hot tubs, and entertainment venues, are frequently used by many individuals. Surfaces in these common areas, including handrails, doorknobs, and elevator buttons, are touched by numerous people, making them potential points of indirect contact for virus transmission.
Preventing Illness While Cruising
Maintaining good hand hygiene is a primary defense against illness while cruising. Passengers should wash their hands frequently and thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially before eating and after using the restroom. While helpful, alcohol-based hand sanitizers containing at least 60% alcohol should be used as a supplement and are not as effective against all pathogens, such as Norovirus.
Avoiding contact with contaminated surfaces by refraining from touching one’s face, eyes, nose, and mouth can further reduce the risk of infection. Being mindful of food and drink choices is also important, which includes avoiding unwashed produce and ensuring that food is served at proper temperatures. Staying hydrated and getting adequate rest contributes to overall health. Be up-to-date on routine vaccinations, such as the flu shot.
What to Do If You Get Sick
If symptoms of illness develop during a cruise, it is important to report them immediately to the ship’s medical staff or guest services. Early reporting helps prevent further spread. The ship’s medical team may advise self-isolation in the cabin to contain contagious diseases.
While isolating, maintaining proper hydration by drinking plenty of fluids is important, especially if experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms like vomiting or diarrhea. Passengers should follow all instructions given by the ship’s medical team to manage your illness. If symptoms persist or worsen after returning home, consulting a doctor and informing them about recent cruise travel is recommended.