A bruised cervix, also known as a cervical contusion, occurs when the cervix experiences physical trauma. This condition is common and usually temporary. The cervix is the lower, narrow part of the uterus that connects to the vagina.
Common Causes
A bruised cervix often results from direct physical impact. Vigorous or deep penetration during sexual activity is a frequent cause, especially with insufficient arousal or lubrication. The cervix can be more susceptible to injury if positioned lower in the vaginal canal, which can happen at certain points in the menstrual cycle.
Medical procedures can also lead to cervical bruising. These include the insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD), Pap smears, or cervical biopsies, where instruments contact the cervix. Childbirth is another potential cause, as the cervix undergoes significant pressure and dilation during labor and delivery.
Recognizing the Signs
The most noticeable indicator of a bruised cervix is pain in the lower abdomen or pelvic region. This discomfort can range from a dull ache to a sharp pain, feeling like pressure or cramping. Pain often begins during or immediately after the trauma.
Light spotting or bleeding is another common symptom, appearing immediately or several hours later. This bleeding is lighter than a menstrual period, appearing pink, brown, or bright red, and lasts one to three days. Discomfort during subsequent sexual activity is also common, with the cervix feeling tender to touch. Some individuals may also experience lower back pain or, in more intense cases, nausea.
The Healing Journey
A bruised cervix heals on its own, similar to a bruise on other parts of the body. Recovery typically ranges from a few days to about a week, depending on the injury’s severity. During this period, allow the cervix to rest and avoid activities that might cause further irritation. Refraining from penetrative sexual activity or tampon use for several days aids healing. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen, can help manage discomfort and reduce inflammation. Applying a heating pad to the lower abdomen may also help alleviate cramping and soreness.
When to Consult a Doctor
While most bruised cervix cases resolve without medical intervention, certain symptoms warrant professional medical evaluation. Seek medical attention if pain is severe, progressively worsens, or persists for over a week. Persistent or unbearable pain could indicate a more significant issue.
Heavy bleeding is a cause for concern, including bleeding that soaks through a pad or tampon every hour, or the presence of unusually large blood clots. Signs of infection, such as fever, chills, or a foul-smelling vaginal discharge, require immediate medical attention. If bruising occurred after an IUD insertion, or if you are pregnant and experience any spotting or pain, consult a healthcare provider to rule out other complications.