Sunburn is a common skin injury resulting from overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It manifests as red, painful skin that feels warm to the touch. Many turn to home remedies, with vinegar, especially apple cider vinegar, being a popular traditional option.
Understanding Vinegar’s Proposed Effects
Vinegar contains acetic acid, and some suggest it helps restore the skin’s natural pH balance after sun exposure. While skin has its own pH regulation, this theory is why some consider using vinegar. Anecdotal claims also suggest vinegar possesses anti-inflammatory properties, which might alleviate discomfort and swelling. The antiseptic qualities of vinegar’s acetic acid lead to the belief it could prevent infection in compromised skin.
Despite these proposed benefits, robust scientific evidence supporting vinegar as an effective treatment for sunburn is largely absent. Dermatologists often advise caution due to the lack of research.
When Vinegar Might Do More Harm Than Good
Applying vinegar to sunburned skin can cause further irritation and harm. As an acid with a pH typically between 2 and 3, vinegar can exacerbate damage to an already compromised skin barrier. Chemical burns have been reported, especially with undiluted vinegar or prolonged application.
Instead of reducing inflammation, its acidic nature can intensify the inflammatory response and increase pain on sensitive, damaged skin. Vinegar can also strip natural oils, leading to excessive dryness, peeling, and prolonged recovery. On blistered or broken skin, vinegar can worsen injury and introduce bacteria, increasing infection risk despite its antimicrobial claims.
Effective Sunburn Care Strategies
For sunburn discomfort, several evidence-based strategies offer relief and support healing. Apply cool, damp cloths or take cool (not cold) baths or showers to soothe heated skin. After a cool bath, gently pat skin dry to retain moisture.
Use gentle, fragrance-free moisturizers for hydration. Products containing aloe vera or soy are often recommended for their soothing properties. Avoid moisturizers with alcohol or petroleum-based ingredients, which can further dry or trap heat.
Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or aspirin can reduce pain and inflammation. Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water, as sunburn can draw fluids from the body.
Seek medical attention for severe sunburns, characterized by extensive blistering, high fever (over 102°F or 39°C), chills, severe pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or signs of infection (like pus or spreading redness). Medical consultation is also recommended for sunburned babies.