A sperm granuloma is a benign lump that can develop in the scrotum. It forms when sperm leaks from the tubes that transport it, often occurring after a vasectomy or an injury to the area.
How a Sperm Granuloma Feels
A sperm granuloma is a small, firm lump within the scrotal sac. Its size can vary, ranging from one millimeter to one centimeter, comparable to a pea or small grape. While most are small, rare instances of larger granulomas, up to four centimeters, have been noted.
The lump feels distinct, often round or oval, and can be firm or rubbery to the touch. Sometimes, it might feel slightly soft. When examining it, the lump may feel movable beneath the skin, separate from other structures.
Many sperm granulomas are asymptomatic, causing no pain or discomfort. However, some individuals may experience mild tenderness when the area is touched, particularly if there is accompanying inflammation. If pain is present, it is mild and often resolves within a few weeks as any inflammation subsides.
Where it is Located and Other Symptoms
Sperm granulomas form along the vas deferens, especially near the site where the tube was cut during a vasectomy. They can also develop in the epididymis, a coiled tube located at the back of the testicle, where sperm matures and is stored before transport.
Beyond the palpable lump, other symptoms may occur, though many remain unnoticed. Some individuals might experience localized swelling in the affected area. A dull ache can also be present, which might worsen during physical activity or ejaculation. In some cases, the pain can radiate towards the groin or flank.
When to Consult a Doctor
Any new lump or change noticed in the scrotal area warrants evaluation by a healthcare professional. While sperm granulomas are benign formations, other, more serious conditions can present with similar symptoms. These can include cysts, infections, or even testicular cancer, which requires prompt diagnosis.
A doctor can perform a physical examination to assess the lump and determine its characteristics. Sometimes, imaging tests like an ultrasound may be recommended to provide a clearer picture and help confirm the diagnosis, distinguishing it from other potential causes of a scrotal mass. Seeking timely medical advice ensures an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.