A snake bite, even from a small snake, can be a concerning event. A “small snake bite” refers to bites from non-venomous snakes, juvenile venomous snakes, or smaller species. Remember that the size of the snake does not always indicate the danger it poses, as even small venomous snakes can deliver a medically significant bite. All snake bites warrant careful attention and a prompt medical evaluation.
Visual Signs of a Small Snake Bite
The appearance of a small snake bite can vary. Non-venomous snake bites often leave small puncture wounds, similar to those from a rose thorn or splinter. These may appear as tiny holes or scratches, sometimes arranged in an arc, reflecting the snake’s rows of small, needle-like teeth. Minor bleeding or oozing might occur from these punctures.
In contrast, a bite from a venomous snake, even a small one, presents with one or two distinct puncture marks from the fangs. These fang marks can sometimes be obscured by swelling around the bite site. The appearance of the bite alone cannot definitively determine if venom was injected, as some venomous bites, known as “dry bites,” do not involve venom delivery.
Redness and swelling are common visual reactions around the bite site, regardless of whether the snake was venomous or non-venomous. The intensity of redness and swelling can vary, from localized inflammation that subsides within a day or two for non-venomous bites to more significant and spreading swelling for venomous bites. Bruising may also develop around the bite area.
Accompanying Symptoms to Look For
Beyond the visible marks, a small snake bite can cause immediate sensations around the affected area. Pain is a common symptom, ranging from a mild stinging or throbbing sensation, similar to a pinprick or papercut, to a sharper, more intense pain. The severity of pain can depend on the snake species and the depth of the bite.
Individuals might experience itching or tingling sensations around the bite site. Localized numbness might also occur.
A feeling of warmth around the bite area is another common accompanying symptom. These localized reactions are sensations a person would feel rather than see.
Immediate Actions After a Bite
After a snake bite, immediate and appropriate actions are important. The first step is to stay calm and move away from the snake to a safe area. Remaining calm helps prevent rapid circulation of any potential venom through the body.
Gently wash the bite wound with soap and water to clean the area and reduce the risk of infection. After cleaning, cover the bite loosely with a clean, dry bandage or dressing. Removing any jewelry, watches, or tight clothing from the bitten limb is advisable, as swelling can occur rapidly and these items could become constrictive.
Immobilize the bitten area as much as possible, keeping it still and, if feasible, below the level of the heart to help slow any potential spread of venom. However, ensure that keeping the limb below heart level does not delay getting to a medical facility. Seeking professional medical attention for any snake bite is recommended. Emergency medical services should be contacted immediately, as medical professionals can assess the bite, monitor for symptoms, and administer appropriate treatment, such as antivenom if necessary.
It is equally important to know what not to do after a snake bite. Avoid common myths such as cutting the wound, attempting to suck out venom, or applying ice or tourniquets. These actions are not effective and can cause more harm, potentially leading to increased tissue damage, infection, or impaired blood flow. Do not consume caffeine or alcohol, and avoid taking pain-relieving medications like aspirin or ibuprofen, as these can increase the risk of bleeding. Do not try to catch or kill the snake, but if possible and safe, take a picture of it from a distance to aid in identification for medical treatment.