Uterine fibroids are common, non-cancerous growths that develop within the uterus. These growths are composed of muscle cells and fibrous connective tissue. Many individuals may develop fibroids during their reproductive years, though not all will experience symptoms.
Visualizing a 7 cm Fibroid
A 7-centimeter uterine fibroid is roughly the size of a large lemon or a small orange. These growths are firm and have a rubbery texture, similar to a deflated basketball. Internally, fibroids appear pale or whitish, distinguishing them from the surrounding pinkish uterine muscle tissue. They are round or oval with a smooth surface.
How Location Influences Its Appearance and Impact
The specific location of a 7 cm fibroid within or on the uterus significantly shapes its presence and potential effects. For instance, an intramural fibroid grows within the muscular wall of the uterus, potentially causing the uterus to enlarge or become distorted in shape. A subserosal fibroid extends outward from the uterine surface, sometimes appearing as a bulge on the exterior of the uterus, which can press on nearby organs like the bladder or bowel.
A submucosal fibroid, positioned just beneath the uterine lining, can protrude into the uterine cavity, potentially altering its internal contour. A pedunculated fibroid, whether subserosal or submucosal, is attached to the uterus by a stalk-like structure, allowing it to hang or protrude, potentially pressing on adjacent structures.
Common Symptoms Associated with a 7 cm Fibroid
A 7 cm fibroid can lead to a range of noticeable symptoms due to its size and potential interaction with surrounding structures. Heavy menstrual bleeding is a frequent symptom, often resulting from the fibroid increasing the surface area of the uterine lining or interfering with the uterus’s ability to contract and stop bleeding. Prolonged menstrual periods, lasting longer than seven days, may also occur. Individuals might experience pelvic pressure or a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen, as the fibroid’s mass can press on the bladder, leading to frequent urination.
Pressure on the rectum can cause constipation or difficulty with bowel movements. Some individuals also report lower back pain or leg pain. The consistent loss of blood from heavy periods can sometimes lead to iron-deficiency anemia, causing fatigue and weakness.
Detection and Diagnosis
Healthcare professionals identify a 7 cm fibroid through a combination of physical examination and imaging techniques. During a pelvic exam, a doctor may feel an enlarged or irregularly shaped uterus, or directly palpate the fibroid. Ultrasound is the most common initial diagnostic method, using sound waves to visualize the size, number, and location of fibroids.
For a more detailed assessment, particularly if ultrasound results are unclear or surgery is being considered, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan may be performed. MRI provides highly detailed images of soft tissues, allowing for a precise evaluation of the fibroid’s characteristics and its relationship to surrounding organs. These methods confirm the fibroid’s presence and provide detailed information.