Companion planting is a gardening approach where different plants are grown in proximity to enhance growth, deter pests, or attract beneficial insects. Lilacs, cherished for their fragrant, abundant blooms, can benefit from thoughtful companion planting.
Benefits of Companion Planting with Lilacs
Thoughtful plant pairings around lilacs offer several advantages. Companion plants can extend visual interest, providing color and texture before and after the lilac’s spring bloom. They can also contribute to improved soil health by adding organic matter or fixing nitrogen, which benefits the lilac indirectly. Some companions may deter common pests or attract beneficial pollinators and predatory insects.
Key Considerations for Selecting Companion Plants
Selecting companion plants for lilacs involves understanding their specific needs. Lilacs thrive in full sun, needing at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. They prefer well-drained soil with a neutral to slightly alkaline pH. Poor drainage can lead to root rot.
Consider the mature size of companion plants to avoid overcrowding or shading the lilac. Plants should complement the lilac’s growth habit. Timing of blooms is also important; select plants that flower before, during, or after the lilac. Finally, consider the color, texture, and form of potential companions.
Recommended Companion Plants for Lilacs
Many plants thrive alongside lilacs, offering beauty and practical benefits.
Peonies bloom in late spring, sharing a preference for full sun and well-drained soil with lilacs. Their large, ruffled blooms provide a contrast to the lilac’s clustered flowers, and their sturdy roots do not compete aggressively.
Catmint (Nepeta) continues to bloom after lilacs fade, attracting pollinators. It is drought-tolerant and thrives in full sun, making it a low-maintenance choice.
Daylilies (Hemerocallis) provide mid-summer color after the lilac’s bloom, with grassy foliage that contrasts nicely with woody stems. They are available in many colors.
Hostas are good for underplanting lilacs, thriving in the partial shade cast by the shrub’s canopy. They add texture and color variation, help retain soil moisture, and suppress weeds.
Spring bulbs like tulips and daffodils offer early-season color before lilacs bloom. Daffodils can also deter deer and rodents.
Clematis vines can be trained to grow through lilac branches after the lilac’s bloom. Select a mid- or late-season blooming clematis variety that enjoys sun on its foliage and cool, shaded roots provided by the lilac.
Ornamental grasses offer year-round interest and contrast with the lilac’s form. Many also have low water needs.
Shrubs like Mock Orange provide fragrant white flowers as lilacs finish blooming. Spireas can bloom after lilacs and repeat flower later in the season. Dogwood and flowering cherry trees can complement lilacs with their spring blooms and attractive foliage.
Lady’s Mantle is a low-growing plant that covers the leggy base of lilacs. It blooms in late summer.
Roses, with their varied forms and bloom times, can extend garden vibrancy. They also share a love for full sun and well-drained soil.
Plants to Avoid Near Lilacs
Certain plants are not suitable companions for lilacs due to differing environmental needs or competitive growth habits. Lilacs prefer neutral to alkaline soil, so plants that require acidic conditions, such as rhododendrons, azaleas, blueberries, and some conifers, should be avoided. Hydrangeas are not ideal as they require consistently moist, rich soil. Aggressive groundcovers like English Ivy or Vinca Vine can outcompete lilacs for resources. Large, dense evergreens or trees like maples can shade out lilacs and compete for water and nutrients, limiting air circulation and increasing disease risk.
Tips for Successful Lilac Companion Planting
Proper spacing is important when planting companions to ensure adequate air circulation and prevent competition for resources. Mulching around the base of lilacs and their companions helps retain soil moisture, regulate soil temperature, and suppress weeds. Watering should be consistent; lilacs do not tolerate wet feet. After lilacs finish blooming, light pruning of both the lilac and its companions can help maintain their shape and encourage new growth. Regular observation ensures all plants thrive together.