“Rose marks” is a descriptive term used to refer to various pink or red skin markings commonly observed on infants. While not a formal medical diagnosis, this phrase generally encompasses certain types of birthmarks present at birth or appearing shortly thereafter. Understanding these marks helps address common parental concerns by explaining their distinct appearances, underlying origins, and natural progression.
Identifying Common Rose Marks
The term “rose marks” refers to two common vascular birthmarks: nevus simplex and port-wine stains. Nevus simplex, also known as “stork bites” or “angel kisses,” appears as flat, pink, or reddish patches on the skin. These marks often blanch, turning pale with light pressure. Common locations include the nape of the neck, eyelids, forehead, or between the eyebrows.
Port-wine stains, medically termed nevus flammeus, are also flat birthmarks, but they tend to be darker, ranging from pink or light red to purplish-red. Unlike nevus simplex, port-wine stains do not typically blanch with pressure and usually appear on one side of the face, head, neck, or limbs. They can range significantly in size, from a few millimeters to several centimeters.
The Underlying Causes
These skin markings are vascular birthmarks, involving blood vessels beneath the skin’s surface. Nevus simplex arises from clusters of stretched or dilated capillaries that become visible through an infant’s thin skin. Increased blood flow in localized areas during fetal development contributes to their reddish appearance. The reason for this localized dilation is not fully understood, but it is a common variation in newborn skin.
Port-wine stains result from a malformation of permanently dilated capillaries. These abnormally formed capillaries lack the nerve function to constrict, causing blood to collect and remain visible. They can originate from a mutation in a gene.
Natural Progression and Outlook
The natural course of these “rose marks” varies significantly between the two types. Nevus simplex, or stork bites, are considered harmless and fade over time. Most of these marks, particularly those on the face, diminish or disappear within the first one to two years of life. While some nevus simplex marks on the back of the neck may persist into adulthood, they are often covered by hair and do not pose any health risks.
Port-wine stains are permanent birthmarks that do not fade on their own. Without treatment, they may become darker and thicker over time, potentially developing a raised or bumpy texture. Although benign, these marks will grow in proportion with the child and can change in color from pink to deeper red or purple throughout life.
When to Seek Medical Advice
It is advisable to have any birthmark, including “rose marks,” examined by a healthcare provider. For nevus simplex, medical intervention is not needed because these marks are harmless and resolve on their own. However, if a stork bite changes in size, color, or becomes swollen and raised, a medical evaluation is recommended.
For port-wine stains, a medical evaluation is important to discuss monitoring and potential treatment options. Laser therapy is used to lighten port-wine stains by targeting the blood vessels. Early treatment may lead to better outcomes, and ongoing monitoring is important, especially if the mark is near the eye.