Keflex, known generically as cephalexin, is a widely prescribed antibiotic. It is used to treat various bacterial infections throughout the body.
Understanding Cephalosporins
Keflex belongs to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics. Specifically, it is categorized as a first-generation cephalosporin. Cephalosporins are a broad group of antibiotics that share structural similarities with penicillins. They are derived from the Acremonium mold.
Like penicillins, cephalosporins actively kill bacteria. This class of drugs works by interfering with the formation of the bacterial cell wall, essential for bacterial survival. Different generations have varying activity against different types of bacteria. First-generation cephalosporins, such as Keflex, are particularly effective against gram-positive bacteria, including common bacteria like staphylococci and streptococci.
How Keflex Works and Its Uses
Keflex inhibits synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. It specifically binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). These proteins are enzymes essential for creating the peptidoglycan layer, which provides structural integrity to the bacterial cell. By binding to PBPs, Keflex disrupts this process, leading to a weakened cell wall and causing the bacterial cell to die.
This bactericidal action makes Keflex effective against a range of bacterial infections. It is commonly prescribed for skin and soft tissue infections, such as cellulitis or abscesses. It is also used to treat certain ear infections (otitis media), strep throat, and various urinary tract infections. Keflex, like all antibiotics, is only effective against bacterial infections and will not treat viral illnesses such as the common cold or flu.
Key Considerations for Taking Keflex
When taking Keflex, it is important to follow the prescribed dosage and complete the entire course of treatment, even if symptoms improve. Stopping the medication prematurely can lead to the infection returning or the bacteria developing resistance to the antibiotic. Most individuals tolerate Keflex well, but some mild side effects can occur.
Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, and vaginal itching or discharge. If these side effects are persistent or severe, or if more serious symptoms like watery or bloody diarrhea develop, contact a healthcare professional. Do not take Keflex if allergic to cephalexin or other cephalosporin antibiotics. Inform your doctor about penicillin allergies due to potential cross-reactivity. Always consult a healthcare provider for medical advice.