The ‘var domesticum’ plant is a sought-after houseplant, captivating enthusiasts with its unique and decorative foliage. It brings a touch of the tropics indoors, making it a popular choice for enhancing interior spaces. Its relatively manageable care makes it desirable for many plant lovers.
Understanding ‘var domesticum’
The term ‘var domesticum’ refers to a cultivar of Monstera deliciosa, not a distinct species. Monstera deliciosa is a plant from the Araceae family, native to the tropical rainforests of Central and South America. The name ‘Monstera’ derives from the Latin word for ‘monstrous,’ referencing its unique perforated leaves. ‘Deliciosa’ points to its edible fruit, though indoor plants rarely fruit. This plant was first described botanically in 1849 from a specimen collected in Mexico.
It is commonly, though mistakenly, called a ‘split-leaf philodendron,’ but it is not a true Philodendron. The ‘Domesticum’ cultivar has a more compact growth habit than the standard Monstera deliciosa, making it suitable for indoor environments.
Key Characteristics and Identification
‘Var domesticum’ displays large, glossy, deep green leaves that are heart-shaped in their juvenile stage. As the plant matures, its iconic fenestrations (natural splits and holes) develop, giving it the common name “Swiss cheese plant.” The patterns of these fenestrations can vary, and younger leaves develop splits as they age.
Leaves can grow 1 to 3 feet long in mature plants, though indoor specimens usually remain smaller. This vining plant produces thick aerial roots, which help it climb and absorb moisture and nutrients. These roots can be guided to a moss pole or trellis for support, encouraging upright growth.
Care Guide for ‘var domesticum’
‘Var domesticum’ thrives in bright, indirect light, mimicking its natural environment under the canopy of larger trees. Placing it near an east or north-facing window is ideal, or a diffused south window can also work. Direct sunlight should be avoided, as it can scorch the leaves. Insufficient light leads to slower growth and prevents the characteristic leaf fenestrations from developing properly.
Water thoroughly when the top 1-2 inches of soil feel dry to the touch, ensuring water drains from the bottom of the pot. During the growing season (spring and summer), watering may occur weekly; in winter, frequency decreases. Allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings helps prevent root rot.
A well-draining, airy soil mix is important for healthy growth. A good blend includes potting soil combined with components like orchid bark, perlite, or pumice to enhance drainage and aeration. Optimal temperatures for ‘var domesticum’ range between 65°F and 85°F (18°C to 29°C), reflecting its tropical origins.
High humidity, around 60%, is beneficial and can be provided through regular misting, using a humidifier, or placing the pot on a pebble tray with water. During the active growing season (spring through summer), fertilize every 4-6 weeks with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer. Reduce or stop fertilizing during the colder months when growth slows down.
Common Issues and Solutions
Yellowing leaves signal either overwatering or underwatering. Consistently soggy soil leads to root rot and yellowing; bone dry soil causes leaves to yellow and droop. Check soil moisture before watering and adjust frequency.
Browning leaf tips indicate low humidity or insufficient watering. Increase humidity through misting or a humidifier, and ensure thorough watering when the topsoil is dry. Brown spots or crispy edges result from too much direct sunlight, causing sunburn. Relocate the plant to a spot with bright, indirect light to prevent further damage.
Pest infestations, including spider mites, mealybugs, and thrips, can occur. Regularly inspect the plant and treat pests with appropriate horticultural solutions. Slow growth or a lack of fenestrations indicates insufficient light or nutrient deficiency. Address this by moving the plant to a brighter location or implementing a consistent fertilization schedule during the growing season.
Where to Find ‘var domesticum’
‘Var domesticum,’ as a cultivar of Monstera deliciosa, is generally accessible in the plant market, though specific named cultivars might be less common than the standard species. Monstera deliciosa itself is widely available and popular. You can find these plants at local nurseries, larger garden centers, specialty plant shops, and many online plant retailers.
Prices for ‘var domesticum’ plants vary significantly depending on their size, maturity, and specific characteristics. Smaller, younger plants are more affordable, while larger, more established specimens or those with unique variegation command higher prices. When sourcing a plant, choose a reputable seller to ensure a healthy specimen with a robust root system. Inspect the plant for any signs of pests or disease before purchase.