Shockwave therapy represents a non-invasive medical approach that utilizes acoustic waves to address various musculoskeletal conditions. This treatment method has gained recognition for its application in chronic tendon and bone disorders. More recently, shockwave therapy is emerging as a potential option for individuals experiencing the discomfort and functional limitations associated with knee osteoarthritis. It aims to provide relief and support the body’s natural healing processes without surgical intervention.
Understanding Shockwave Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis
Shockwave therapy, specifically Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT), applies high-energy acoustic waves to the affected knee joint. These waves are generated outside the body and then focused onto the targeted tissues. When the shockwaves penetrate the knee, they induce a controlled microtrauma at the cellular level, which can trigger a biological response within the joint.
This mechanical stimulation promotes neovascularization, improving blood supply to the joint structures. Enhanced blood flow delivers more oxygen and nutrients to the cartilage and surrounding tissues, aiding in their repair and regeneration. The therapy also influences cellular activity, stimulating the production of growth factors and anti-inflammatory substances. These biological responses contribute to the reduction of pain and the restoration of some tissue integrity within the osteoarthritic knee.
The Treatment Experience
A shockwave therapy session for knee osteoarthritis is conducted in an outpatient setting. Each session lasts between 10 to 20 minutes. Patients lie or sit in a comfortable position, allowing the therapist to access the knee joint.
During the treatment, a gel is applied to the skin over the knee to ensure optimal transmission of the acoustic waves from the handheld device. The device then delivers controlled shockwaves to the affected areas of the knee. Patients experience a sensation ranging from a mild tapping to discomfort, which can be adjusted by the therapist. Treatment plans involve a series of sessions, administered once a week for three to five weeks.
Expected Outcomes and Patient Suitability
Patients undergoing shockwave therapy for knee osteoarthritis report a reduction in pain and an improvement in knee function. The therapeutic effects are not immediate, with improvements observed gradually over several weeks following treatment. Many studies indicate that patients experience decreased stiffness, increased range of motion, and enhanced ability to perform daily activities. The long-term benefits can vary, but some individuals report sustained relief for several months.
Shockwave therapy is considered for individuals with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis who have not found sufficient relief from conventional non-surgical treatments like medication, physical therapy, or injections. Ideal candidates do not have severe joint degeneration that would necessitate surgical intervention. A healthcare professional will assess the patient’s medical history, current symptoms, and imaging results to determine if shockwave therapy is a suitable option.
Potential Side Effects and Important Considerations
Shockwave therapy for knee osteoarthritis is well-tolerated, with most side effects being temporary and mild. Patients experience some localized discomfort, redness, or swelling in the treated area immediately following a session. Bruising or tingling sensations are also reported, but these effects resolve within a few days. Serious complications are uncommon with this non-invasive procedure.
Despite its safety, certain conditions make shockwave therapy unsuitable. The therapy is not recommended for pregnant women or individuals with certain blood clotting disorders or those taking anticoagulant medications. People with pacemakers or other implanted electronic devices, or those with active infections near the treatment area, are also advised against this treatment. Consulting with a qualified healthcare professional is advised to discuss individual health conditions and determine the appropriateness of shockwave therapy.