“Shark teeth” in humans describe a common dental condition where permanent teeth emerge behind the primary, or baby, teeth, creating a temporary double row. This phenomenon is a phase many children experience during their dental development. While often a concern for parents, it is typically a normal and temporary occurrence.
The Cause of Shark Teeth
Normally, a child’s permanent tooth develops beneath a baby tooth and naturally dissolves the baby tooth’s root as it prepares to erupt. This process, known as root resorption, causes the baby tooth to loosen and fall out, making space for the permanent tooth to emerge directly into its place.
“Shark teeth” occur when the permanent tooth deviates from this usual path, erupting behind the baby tooth without fully dissolving its root. This can happen if the adult tooth grows quickly or early, or if the baby tooth’s roots are slow to resorb. This condition is most frequently observed with the lower front teeth in children around 5 to 7 years of age.
Common Scenarios and What to Expect
In many instances, “shark teeth” resolve on their own without intervention. The constant pressure from the child’s tongue helps guide the newly erupted permanent tooth forward into its correct position after the baby tooth loosens and falls out.
Parents can encourage their child to gently wiggle any loose baby teeth to help accelerate the natural shedding process. Offering foods that require more chewing, such as apples or carrots, can also aid in loosening the baby teeth. Maintaining good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, is important around the double rows of teeth to prevent plaque buildup.
When to Consult a Dentist
While often self-correcting, certain signs indicate a dental visit is appropriate for “shark teeth.” A visit is recommended if the baby tooth remains firmly in place and has not loosened within a few weeks to three months after the permanent tooth has begun to emerge. It is also recommended if the permanent tooth has erupted more than halfway, if the child experiences pain or discomfort beyond normal teething sensations, or if the new tooth appears to be causing significant crowding.
A dentist will evaluate the specific situation, using X-rays to assess the root condition of the baby tooth and the position of the permanent tooth. If necessary, the dentist may recommend a simple extraction of the stubborn baby tooth to allow the permanent tooth to shift into its proper alignment. Early intervention can help prevent potential alignment problems as the child’s jaw continues to develop.