When a COVID-19 test result comes back positive, it can bring about questions regarding the next steps. This article offers clear guidance to help navigate the period following a positive diagnosis.
Immediate Actions to Take
Self-isolation is the immediate priority after a positive COVID-19 test to prevent virus transmission. Individuals should isolate for at least five full days, counting from the day symptoms began or, if asymptomatic, from the day of the positive test result. After this initial five-day period, if symptoms are improving and there has been no fever for 24 hours without medication, individuals can leave isolation. Continue wearing a high-quality mask around others for an additional five days.
Informing close contacts is another important step to help limit the spread of the virus. A close contact is defined as someone who was within six feet of the infected person for a cumulative total of 15 minutes or more over a 24-hour period, starting two days before symptom onset or the positive test date for asymptomatic individuals. Notifying these individuals allows them to monitor for symptoms, get tested, and take precautions.
Careful symptom monitoring is important. Individuals should pay close attention to any changes in their symptoms, such as new or worsening ones. This helps determine if medical attention might be required.
Managing Symptoms and Recovery
Rest helps the body recover by allowing the immune system to focus its energy on fighting the virus. Staying well-hydrated is also important, as fluids help prevent dehydration, especially if a fever is present. Consume water, broths, or rehydration solutions to replace lost fluids.
Over-the-counter medications can help alleviate many common COVID-19 symptoms. Pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can reduce fever and body aches. Cough suppressants or expectorants may help manage respiratory symptoms, and nasal sprays or decongestants can provide relief for congestion. Always follow dosage instructions carefully.
Monitor health metrics at home. Using a thermometer to track body temperature can help assess fever severity. A pulse oximeter measures oxygen saturation in the blood; readings above 95% are normal. A sustained drop below 90% indicates a need for medical consultation.
Good nutrition supports the body’s healing process. Eating balanced meals, even if appetite is reduced, provides the necessary nutrients for recovery. Avoiding strenuous physical activity during the recovery phase is also advised, as the body needs time to regain strength and energy. Gradually reintroducing activities as symptoms improve.
When to Seek Medical Care
Certain symptoms indicate the need for immediate emergency medical attention. These severe warning signs include trouble breathing, persistent pain or pressure in the chest, new confusion, or an inability to wake or stay awake. Additionally, pale, gray, or blue-colored skin, lips, or nail beds could signal a lack of oxygen and require urgent care. Individuals experiencing any of these symptoms should seek emergency medical assistance without delay.
Contacting a doctor is advisable even for less severe but concerning symptoms, or if existing symptoms worsen significantly over time. This includes a high fever that does not respond to medication, severe fatigue, or a persistent cough that becomes debilitating. Consulting a healthcare provider can help determine if additional treatments or assessments are necessary.
Individuals with underlying health conditions, such as chronic lung disease, heart disease, diabetes, or weakened immune systems, should contact their healthcare provider early after a positive test. These populations may be at higher risk for severe illness and could benefit from early intervention or specialized monitoring. Early communication with a medical professional allows for personalized guidance and timely management of the infection.