Many searching for “Philodendron Ruckus” are looking for Philodendron rugosum, also known as “Pigskin Philodendron” or “Sow’s Ear Philodendron,” due to its unique, distinctive leaf texture. It is a tropical aroid, cherished for its striking appearance and relatively straightforward care requirements. This guide will clarify its identification and provide detailed insights into its cultivation.
Identifying Philodendron rugosum
Philodendron rugosum is recognized by its remarkable foliage. The leaves are thick, leathery, and deeply textured, often described as having a corrugated or wrinkled surface resembling pigskin or naugahyde, giving it common names like “Pigskin Philodendron.” Leaves range from 8 to 10 inches long. Its color is typically dark green, sometimes appearing plastic-like due to its waxy sheen and prominent veins. As a vining plant, P. rugosum develops aerial roots, allowing it to be trained on a moss pole or trellis, or allowed to cascade.
Caring for Philodendron rugosum
Caring for Philodendron rugosum involves mimicking its natural tropical habitat to encourage robust growth and maintain its unique foliage. It adapts well to various indoor environments, suitable for many plant enthusiasts. Providing consistent conditions across light, water, humidity, and soil will allow this plant to thrive.
Light
Philodendron rugosum prefers bright, indirect light for attractive, large foliage. An east-facing window is ideal, providing gentle morning sun. Lower light slows growth and results in smaller, less impressive leaves. Avoid direct, intense sunlight, which can scorch leaves and cause brown spots. Rotate the plant periodically for balanced growth and adequate light exposure on all sides.
Watering
This philodendron species appreciates more consistent moisture in its soil. The soil should be kept evenly moist but never soggy, as this can lead to root rot. Water when the top one to two inches of soil feel dry to the touch. The “soak and drain” method, where water is poured until it drips from drainage holes and excess drains completely, ensures thorough moisture. During colder months, watering frequency should be reduced.
Humidity and Temperature
It prefers humidity levels around 60% or higher, though it can tolerate average household humidity of 40-50%. To increase humidity, consider using a plant humidifier, grouping plants together, or regularly misting the leaves with room-temperature water. Ideal temperatures range between 65°F and 80°F (18-27°C), with a minimum of 50°F (10°C) to prevent leaf drop or damage.
Soil
A well-draining, aerated, and moisture-retentive potting mix is important for Philodendron rugosum. A good aroid mix, often composed of potting soil, perlite, orchid bark, and peat moss or coco coir, provides the necessary balance of drainage and moisture retention. Adding horticultural charcoal or worm castings can further enhance drainage and provide nutrients.
Fertilizing
Philodendron rugosum has moderate fertilization needs. During its active growing season, from early spring through the end of summer, a balanced liquid fertilizer can be applied monthly. Diluting the fertilizer to half strength is a good practice to prevent over-fertilization, which can lead to issues like nitrogen burn. Fertilizing should be withheld during the colder months when the plant’s growth naturally slows.
Propagating Philodendron rugosum
Propagating Philodendron rugosum is a rewarding process, with stem cuttings being a common and effective method. This allows enthusiasts to expand their collection or share plants. Healthy, mature plants provide the best material for successful propagation.
To take a stem cutting, select a healthy stem with at least two nodes, the small bumps where leaves or aerial roots emerge. Using a sterile, sharp knife or shears, cut a section about 4 to 6 inches long, ensuring a few leaves at the top and one or two exposed nodes at the bottom. Remove any leaves from the lower portion of the cutting that would be submerged in water or buried in soil. Allowing the cut end to callus for 20-30 minutes, or up to a few days, can help prevent rot, especially when propagating in soil.
Cuttings can be rooted in water or directly in a suitable potting mix. For water propagation, place the cutting in a clean jar of room-temperature water, with nodes submerged and leaves above the waterline. Change the water every few days to keep it fresh. Roots typically begin to form within two to three weeks. For soil propagation, insert the cutting into a moist, well-draining mix, with nodes covered by the substrate. Keep soil consistently moist with bright, indirect light to encourage root development.
Common Problems and Solutions
Even with proper care, Philodendron rugosum can encounter common issues. Recognizing symptoms and causes helps address problems promptly, ensuring plant health. Many problems relate back to environmental factors or pests.
Yellowing leaves can indicate several problems, including too much direct sunlight, overly dry conditions, or excessive fertilization. It can also be a sign of overwatering, particularly if accompanied by soft, mushy stems, which can lead to root rot. Checking the soil moisture before watering and ensuring proper drainage are effective preventative measures. Browning leaf tips often point to low humidity or inconsistent watering, indicating the plant is not receiving enough moisture from the air or soil. Increasing humidity through misting or humidifiers can alleviate this.
Slow growth in Philodendron rugosum might suggest insufficient light, inadequate nutrients, or incorrect temperature and humidity. Ensuring the plant receives bright, indirect light and a balanced fertilizer during the growing season can help stimulate new development. Pests like spider mites and mealybugs are occasional concerns. Spider mites often thrive in dry conditions and can cause tiny pinholes or stippling on leaves, sometimes accompanied by fine webbing. Mealybugs appear as white, cottony masses and can cause yellowing or curling leaves due to sap feeding. Both can be treated with insecticidal soap or neem oil, and physically removed with a damp cloth or by showering the plant.