Losartan is a prescription medication for various cardiovascular conditions. It belongs to a class of drugs known as Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs). Losartan 50 mg refers to the dosage strength of 50 milligrams. It primarily treats high blood pressure.
How Losartan Manages Blood Pressure
Losartan works by targeting angiotensin II, a hormone that narrows blood vessels and increases blood pressure. Losartan blocks the receptors where angiotensin II binds, preventing this constricting action. This allows blood vessels to relax and widen, improving blood flow and lowering blood pressure. The medication also prompts the body to excrete more sodium and water, further reducing blood pressure and improving heart function. Losartan is approved to treat high blood pressure, reduce stroke risk in patients with high blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy (enlargement of the heart’s left side), and manage kidney problems linked to type 2 diabetes.
Taking Your 50mg Dose Correctly
Losartan 50 mg tablets are typically taken once daily, with or without food. Taking the medication at approximately the same time each day helps maintain steady levels. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is nearly time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed one entirely. Do not take two doses at once to compensate for a forgotten dose, as this could lead to adverse effects.
Common and Serious Side Effects
Common side effects may occur as your body adjusts to Losartan. These can include dizziness, tiredness, or symptoms resembling a common cold such as a stuffy nose or sore throat. Back pain and diarrhea are also reported as common effects. These effects often lessen over time as your system becomes accustomed to the medication.
Serious Side Effects Requiring Immediate Medical Attention
Serious side effects require prompt medical evaluation. Seek immediate help if you experience signs of a severe allergic reaction, such as hives, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. Symptoms of high blood potassium, including muscle weakness, a tingly feeling, or an irregular heartbeat, also warrant urgent attention. Signs of kidney problems like swelling, reduced urination, or unusual tiredness or shortness of breath should be reported to your doctor.
Key Warnings and Drug Interactions
Losartan can cause injury or death to an unborn baby if taken during pregnancy, particularly during the second or third trimester. Due to this risk, Losartan should not be used by individuals who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. If pregnancy occurs while taking this medication, it should be stopped immediately, and a doctor should be contacted.
Individuals with a history of liver or kidney disease should use Losartan with caution, as these conditions can affect how the body processes the medication. Losartan can interact with other drugs, including potassium supplements and salt substitutes that contain potassium, which can increase potassium levels in the blood. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen can also interact with Losartan, potentially affecting its efficacy or increasing the risk of kidney problems. It is also advisable to discuss alcohol consumption with a healthcare provider, as alcohol may worsen the blood pressure-lowering effect and increase dizziness.