Ketoprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to manage pain and inflammation. It works by reducing the body’s production of certain natural chemicals that cause pain, swelling, and stiffness. This medication helps alleviate symptoms associated with conditions such as arthritis, acute injuries, and menstrual cramps. Careful adherence to recommended dosages is required to achieve therapeutic effects while minimizing risks.
Dosage Recommendations for Common Uses
The appropriate dosage of ketoprofen depends on the specific form of the medication and the condition being addressed. For mild to moderate pain or menstrual cramps, oral immediate-release capsules are prescribed at 25 mg to 50 mg every 6 to 8 hours as needed. While a larger dose might be considered if the initial response is insufficient, doses exceeding 75 mg have not consistently shown added pain relief. These capsules are taken with food or milk to reduce stomach upset.
For chronic conditions like osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis, the recommended starting dose for immediate-release capsules is 75 mg three times daily or 50 mg four times daily. Alternatively, extended-release capsules are available and prescribed at 200 mg once daily for these conditions. Extended-release capsules must be swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed, as this can affect the controlled release of the medication.
Ketoprofen is also available as a topical gel for localized pain relief. For this form, approximately 2 to 4 grams of a 2.5% gel should be applied to the affected area two to four times daily. The gel is gently massaged into the skin to enhance absorption and used for up to seven days. This topical application allows the medication to work directly at the site of inflammation while limiting systemic absorption.
Dosage Adjustments for Specific Populations
Standard ketoprofen dosages may require modification for certain individuals to ensure both effectiveness and safety. Older adults, for instance, are prescribed a lower initial dose of ketoprofen. This adjustment is due to a higher risk of side effects, particularly those affecting the gastrointestinal system or kidneys, as these organs may have reduced function with age.
Patients with pre-existing kidney or liver conditions also necessitate careful dosage management. The body’s ability to process and clear ketoprofen relies heavily on these organs. Consequently, individuals with impaired kidney function may have a maximum daily dose limited to 150 mg for immediate-release capsules. For more severe kidney impairment, the maximum daily dose should not exceed 100 mg.
Similarly, patients with liver impairment may have a maximum initial daily dose capped at 100 mg. These adjustments help prevent the accumulation of the drug in the body, which could lead to increased side effects. A healthcare provider will determine the appropriate lower dose and monitor organ function closely for these patient groups.
Maximum Daily Limits and Overdose Information
Adhering to the maximum daily dosage of ketoprofen is important to avoid adverse effects. For oral immediate-release ketoprofen capsules, the maximum recommended daily amount is 300 mg. For extended-release capsules, the maximum daily dose is 200 mg. Exceeding these limits can increase the risk of serious complications.
Suspected ketoprofen overdose can manifest with a range of symptoms, including severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting that might resemble coffee grounds. Other signs include extreme drowsiness, confusion, dizziness, and headache. More severe instances include difficulty breathing, seizures, or even a loss of consciousness.
If an overdose of ketoprofen is suspected, seek immediate emergency medical attention. Contacting a poison control center is also recommended. Swift medical intervention can help manage symptoms and reduce the severity of health consequences, which can include gastrointestinal bleeding, kidney damage, or liver failure.