Experiencing numbness after a dental visit is a common sensation. This temporary loss of feeling in the mouth, lips, or tongue can be inconvenient, making it challenging to speak, eat, or drink normally. Understanding why this occurs and what can be done to encourage the return of sensation can help manage the post-procedure experience more comfortably.
How Dental Numbness Occurs
Dental numbness results from the use of local anesthetics, such as lidocaine or articaine, which dentists inject into the gums or near specific nerves. These agents work by temporarily blocking nerve signals, preventing pain messages from reaching the brain during procedures like fillings or extractions. The numbing effect begins within minutes of injection.
The duration of numbness varies based on several factors, including the type and amount of anesthetic administered, the injection site, and an individual’s metabolism. For example, lidocaine provides numbness for 1 to 2 hours, while articaine has a slightly shorter duration. More complex procedures or higher doses of anesthetic can prolong the numbing sensation, sometimes lasting 3 to 5 hours for lips, face, and tongue.
Ways to Lessen Numbness
While numbness naturally fades over time, certain actions can help reduce its duration. Gentle massage of the lips and cheeks can stimulate blood flow to the affected area, aiding dissipation of the anesthetic. Applying a warm compress externally to the cheek can also increase circulation and promote the breakdown of the numbing agent, but this should only be done if there is no swelling.
Engaging in light physical activity, such as a brisk walk, can stimulate overall blood flow, which helps the body metabolize and clear the anesthetic from the injection site. Staying well-hydrated by drinking water also supports improved circulation and helps eliminate the numbing agents efficiently. Some dental practices offer reversal agents like phentolamine mesylate (OraVerse), administered by the dentist to accelerate the return of normal sensation. This agent works by increasing local blood flow and speeding up anesthetic absorption, potentially reducing numbness by 65 to 85 minutes.
Important Considerations While Numb
During the period of numbness, take precautions to prevent injury. Avoid chewing or biting on the numb areas, such as your lips, cheeks, or tongue, as you may not feel the pressure and could cause damage. Avoid hot liquids or foods, as the lack of sensation can prevent you from accurately gauging temperature, leading to potential burns.
Be cautious when speaking or smiling, as the temporary loss of muscle control can affect these actions. Wait until full sensation has returned before attempting to eat solid foods. If numbness persists beyond the expected timeframe of a few hours, more than 4-5 hours, or is accompanied by unusual pain or swelling, contact your dentist.