As the due date approaches, many expectant parents closely observe bodily changes for signs of labor. While childbirth is unique for everyone, certain physical sensations can cause confusion. Nausea and vomiting, for instance, often prompt questions about their connection to labor onset.
Nausea and Vomiting During Labor
Nausea and vomiting can be a sign of labor for some individuals, though it is not a universal experience. The body undergoes significant physiological changes during childbirth preparation, primarily due to shifting hormone levels.
A surge in prostaglandins and oxytocin during labor can affect the gastrointestinal tract. Prostaglandins, known for their role in softening the cervix and stimulating uterine contractions, can also stimulate the smooth muscles of the intestines, potentially leading to nausea or loose stools. Similarly, oxytocin, the hormone responsible for contractions, can also impact digestive function.
Intense pain and stress during labor can trigger a vagal response, manifesting as nausea and vomiting. Additionally, as the baby descends and contractions intensify, pressure on abdominal organs can contribute to feelings of sickness. While nausea and vomiting can occur, they are rarely the sole indicator of labor and should be considered alongside other symptoms.
Other Common Signs of Labor
Beyond nausea, several other signs indicate that labor is approaching or has begun.
True Labor Contractions: These are regular, increasing in intensity and frequency, and do not subside with position changes. They differ from Braxton Hicks contractions, which are irregular, less intense, and may ease with movement or rest.
Lightening: The baby drops lower into the pelvis, reducing pressure on the diaphragm and making breathing easier. This may increase bladder pressure, leading to more frequent urination.
Loss of Mucus Plug: The mucus plug, which seals the cervix, can signal labor is near. This discharge may appear clear, pink, or blood-tinged, sometimes called “bloody show.” Losing the plug indicates cervical changes, but labor may still be hours, days, or weeks away.
Rupture of Membranes (“Water Breaking”): This can be a sudden gush or a slow trickle of fluid. Amniotic fluid is typically clear and odorless, though it can be slightly pink or blood-tinged. Green or brown fluid could indicate meconium and requires immediate medical attention.
Persistent Low Back Pain or Increased Pelvic Pressure: These are common as the body prepares for delivery and the baby moves into position.
Loose Stools or Diarrhea: Some individuals may experience loose stools or diarrhea as labor approaches.
When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider
While some symptoms like nausea and mild discomfort can be normal as labor approaches, certain signs warrant immediate contact with a healthcare provider. If vomiting becomes severe, persistent, or leads to dehydration, such as an inability to keep fluids down, dark urine, or dizziness, medical attention is advisable.
Specific accompanying symptoms, when combined with nausea or vomiting, also necessitate prompt medical evaluation. These include a severe headache, vision changes like blurry vision or seeing spots, sudden swelling in the face or hands, or upper abdominal pain, as these could be signs of pre-eclampsia.
A fever or chills, especially when combined with other symptoms, might indicate an infection. It is also important to contact a provider if your water breaks, particularly if the fluid is not clear or if you are unsure.
Any significant vaginal bleeding beyond light spotting, or a noticeable decrease in fetal movement, should also prompt an immediate call to your healthcare provider. Always err on the side of caution and reach out to your medical team if you have any concerns, regardless of the symptom.