Many are concerned about the link between pink eye, or conjunctivitis, and COVID-19. This article provides clear information on this connection, helping individuals recognize potential ocular symptoms and seek guidance.
Is Pink Eye a COVID-19 Symptom?
Conjunctivitis can be a symptom of COVID-19, though it is not frequently reported. Eye symptoms, including pink eye, occur in a small percentage of COVID-19 cases. About 1 in 10 people with COVID-19 may develop eye symptoms, with conjunctivitis being the most common.
While it can be a symptom, pink eye is not a primary or defining characteristic of COVID-19, which is more commonly associated with respiratory issues like fever, cough, and fatigue. Other causes of conjunctivitis, such as other viruses, bacteria, or allergies, are far more prevalent. In some rare instances, conjunctivitis has been reported as the initial or even the sole symptom of a COVID-19 infection.
Understanding COVID-Related Eye Issues
When COVID-19 causes conjunctivitis, it typically presents as a viral conjunctivitis. This often involves redness in the eyes, increased tearing, a feeling as if something is in the eye, and sometimes a watery discharge. Swelling of the eyelids and light sensitivity (photophobia) can also occur.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, can directly affect the eyes because the eye surface contains ACE2 receptors, which the virus uses to enter cells. This allows the virus to potentially infect the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids. The connection between the eyes and nasal passages through the nasolacrimal duct also provides a pathway for the virus to cause eye problems.
Beyond conjunctivitis, other less common ocular symptoms have been reported with COVID-19. These include dry eye, eye pain, and blurred vision. More severe, though rare, complications can involve corneal nerve damage, inflammation inside the eye (uveitis), or retinal damage.
While such issues are possible, most COVID-related eye symptoms are mild and resolve on their own, typically within a few days to two weeks.
Guidance for Eye Symptoms
For eye symptoms, self-care measures can help alleviate discomfort. Applying cool or warm compresses to the eyes can soothe redness and irritation, and over-the-counter artificial tears may help with dryness. It is important to avoid rubbing or touching the eyes, as this can worsen irritation and potentially spread infection.
Maintaining good hand hygiene by washing hands frequently with soap and water is important. If wearing contact lenses, it is advisable to switch to glasses until symptoms resolve to prevent further irritation or complications.
Using clean towels and pillowcases, and not sharing personal eye items, can also help prevent spreading any potential infection.
It is important to seek medical attention if eye symptoms include severe pain, changes in vision, worsening redness, or if symptoms do not improve within a few days.
If eye symptoms are present alongside other COVID-19 symptoms like fever, cough, or shortness of breath, or if there has been known exposure, getting tested for COVID-19 is recommended. Following public health guidelines for isolation and reporting symptoms is also crucial.