Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a naturally occurring steroid hormone primarily produced by the adrenal glands, with smaller amounts made in the testes and ovaries. It serves as a precursor, converting into other hormones, including androgens like testosterone and estrogens. DHEA levels typically peak in early adulthood and gradually decline with age. DHEA is sometimes used in supplementation, with claims ranging from anti-aging effects to improving mood, energy, and physical performance. A concern with DHEA supplementation is its potential influence on hair growth, which warrants a closer look into its biological mechanisms and the reversibility of any induced changes.
How DHEA Can Affect Hair Growth
DHEA’s influence on hair follicles primarily stems from its conversion into more potent androgen hormones, notably testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). This conversion occurs within various tissues, including hair follicles. DHT is a particularly potent androgen that binds to receptors on hair follicles. In individuals genetically predisposed to androgenetic alopecia, elevated levels of androgens like DHT can trigger miniaturization.
Miniaturization involves the gradual shrinking of hair follicles, leading to thinner, shorter, and finer hairs. DHT achieves this by shortening the anagen (growth) phase and lengthening the resting and shedding phases, eventually causing follicles to become dormant. Increased DHEA levels can lead to higher circulating levels of these more potent androgens, potentially exacerbating hair thinning in susceptible individuals. Some studies have indicated a link between elevated DHEA-S and male pattern baldness in young men. Additionally, some women experiencing female pattern hair loss have shown a lower ratio of estrogen to androgens like DHEA-S, suggesting hormonal balance plays a role.
The Reversibility of DHEA-Related Hair Loss
Hair loss associated with DHEA, particularly when linked to supplementation, is often reversible. The primary factor influencing reversibility is identifying and stopping the source of excess DHEA. If DHEA supplementation is the cause, stopping its use, ideally under medical guidance, is the first step. Clinical observations suggest that side effects like hair loss from DHEA usually resolve once the supplement is discontinued or the dosage is adjusted.
The duration and dosage of DHEA exposure can also play a role in how quickly and completely hair recovers. Prompt intervention upon noticing hair changes generally yields better results. While hair regrowth can occur, it may take time, as the hair growth cycle is a lengthy process. Individual sensitivity to androgens also affects the degree of hair loss and its reversibility; those with a genetic predisposition to androgenetic alopecia may be more susceptible to DHEA’s effects. Clinical studies do not support the notion that DHEA-related hair loss is irreversible.
Addressing DHEA-Induced Hair Changes
For individuals experiencing hair changes potentially linked to DHEA, consulting a healthcare professional is important. A medical professional can help confirm the cause of hair loss, rule out other contributing factors, and provide appropriate guidance. If DHEA supplementation is identified as a factor, stopping its use or adjusting the dosage is the initial recommendation. Many cases of DHEA-related hair shedding subside within a week of discontinuing the supplement.
While DHEA cessation is the primary action, supportive measures can also contribute to overall hair health. A balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals supports hair strength. Regular exercise can improve blood flow to hair follicles. Managing stress is also beneficial, as high stress can impact hormone levels. In some instances, medical therapies like minoxidil may be suggested, particularly for managing androgenetic alopecia.