Airbag deployment, while designed to protect occupants during a collision, can sometimes cause injuries, including burns. These burns are typically friction burns from rapid airbag expansion and contact, though thermal and chemical components can also contribute due to heat and propellants. Prompt treatment is important for proper healing and to reduce complications.
Immediate First Aid for Airbag Burns
Begin by removing any clothing or jewelry around the burned area, as swelling can occur rapidly and make removal difficult later. If any clothing is melted onto the skin, do not attempt to remove it; instead, cut around it and leave the stuck portion in place for medical professionals to address.
Next, cool the burn with a continuous flow of cool (not cold or icy) water for at least 20 minutes. This helps to dissipate heat and prevent the burn from worsening. For potential chemical burns, continuous flushing with large amounts of water or saline solution is important to wash away corrosive substances.
Gently clean the burned area with mild soap and water to remove any debris or contaminants. After cleaning, cover the burn with a sterile, non-stick dressing to protect it from infection and further injury. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or aspirin, can be used to manage discomfort.
Ongoing Care and Healing
Ongoing care focuses on keeping the wound clean and moist. Dressings should be changed regularly, one to two times per day, or as advised by a healthcare professional. Each time the dressing is changed, gently clean the burn with mild soap and water before applying a fresh, sterile, non-stick dressing.
Applying an antibiotic ointment to the burn, as directed by a healthcare provider, can help prevent infection. Monitor the burn closely for any changes, such as increased redness, swelling, warmth, or the presence of pus, which could indicate an infection. While many airbag burns are superficial and heal without significant scarring, keeping the wound moist and protected can help improve the cosmetic outcome.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While many airbag burns are minor, certain characteristics warrant medical attention. Seek immediate care if the burn is deep, appearing as blistering or charring, as these may indicate second or third-degree burns that require specialized treatment. Burns larger than three inches in diameter should also be evaluated by a doctor.
Also seek care if the burn is located on sensitive areas such as the face, hands, feet, or across joints, as these locations can impact function and healing. Signs of infection, including increasing redness, swelling, warmth, pus discharge, or a fever, indicate prompt medical assessment is needed. If the pain is severe and not adequately controlled by over-the-counter medications, consult a healthcare provider.