A catfish sting occurs when venomous spines located near the fish’s dorsal and pectoral fins puncture the skin, delivering a toxin. These spines are distinct from the harmless whiskers around the catfish’s mouth. The encounter usually happens accidentally, often when someone is fishing, swimming, or handling a caught fish. The immediate result is intense pain at the site of the sting.
Recognizing a Catfish Sting
A catfish sting causes severe pain and inflammation at the puncture site. The pain is immediate and intense, often described as burning or throbbing. The affected area may also become red, swollen, and warm to the touch.
Numbness or tingling may occur in the stung area, and a small puncture wound might be visible. Less common generalized symptoms include nausea, dizziness, or fatigue.
Immediate Treatment Steps
First, carefully remove any visible spines from the wound using tweezers, taking care not to break the spine.
After spine removal, immerse the affected area in hot water (110-113°F / 43-45°C), as hot as tolerated without burning, for 30 to 90 minutes. This heat helps neutralize the venom and reduce pain by inactivating its proteins.
After the hot water immersion, thoroughly clean the wound with soap and fresh water to prevent infection. If there is any bleeding, apply direct pressure to the wound until it stops. Do not tape or sew the wound closed.
Manage pain with over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen (every four hours) or ibuprofen (every six to eight hours). Monitor the sting site closely for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, or pus.
When to Seek Professional Medical Attention
Seek professional medical attention after a catfish sting, especially if symptoms worsen or if the sting is in a sensitive area. Immediate medical care is needed for severe allergic reactions, including difficulty breathing, facial or throat swelling, or signs of anaphylaxis.
Medical consultation is necessary if a spine remains deeply embedded or is difficult to remove. Signs of infection (increased redness, swelling, pus, or fever) warrant prompt evaluation. Persistent or worsening pain, or a sting on the face, neck, or groin, also indicates a need for assessment. Individuals with pre-existing health conditions, such as a compromised immune system, should seek medical attention.