Distinguishing between a snapping turtle and other common turtle species can be challenging, yet it is important for personal safety and wildlife appreciation. Snapping turtles possess specific characteristics and behaviors that set them apart. Understanding these differences allows for safer interactions.
Identifying Snapping Turtles
Snapping turtles, particularly the common snapping turtle, exhibit several distinct physical features. Their upper shell, or carapace, is typically rugged and rough, often appearing flattened and can range in color from tan to black or green. Younger individuals may display three prominent ridges or keels on their carapace, which tend to become less defined as they mature. Their lower shell, called the plastron, is notably small and cross-shaped, leaving much of their legs and underside exposed.
Their head is large and triangular. They possess powerful, hooked jaws that form a sharp, beak-like structure. The neck is thick and muscular, capable of extending surprisingly far, reaching almost the full length of their shell. Their long, thick tail is nearly as long as their carapace and covered with bony plates, giving it a saw-toothed or alligator-like appearance. Their legs are strong and muscular, equipped with webbed feet and sharp claws.
Identifying Common Turtles
In contrast to snapping turtles, many common turtle species, such as painted turtles or red-eared sliders, generally have smoother, more rounded, or dome-shaped shells. These shells often feature distinct patterns or vibrant colors, which can vary widely depending on the species. Their plastron is typically larger, providing more complete coverage of their body.
The heads of common turtles are usually smaller and less triangular than those of snapping turtles, often lacking the pronounced, hooked beak. Their mouths are generally softer. Their tails are typically shorter and lack the prominent, saw-toothed bony plates characteristic of a snapping turtle’s tail.
Behavioral Cues for Identification
Beyond physical traits, observing a turtle’s behavior can offer important clues for identification. Snapping turtles are known for their defensive snapping behavior, particularly when encountered on land, where they feel vulnerable. If threatened, they may hiss and attempt to strike with their powerful jaws. In contrast, most common turtles, when threatened, are more likely to retreat into their shells or quickly flee into water.
On land, snapping turtles tend to move slowly and deliberately, often dragging their bodies. Many common turtles, however, can be more agile and quicker to escape when outside of water. While both types of turtles are aquatic, snapping turtles often prefer murky, soft-bottomed waters. Many common turtles are frequently observed basking on logs, rocks, or shorelines to regulate body temperature, a behavior less common for snapping turtles, who may float just below the water’s surface to warm themselves.
Interacting Safely with Turtles
When encountering any turtle, observing from a safe distance is always recommended. Avoid approaching or attempting to handle any turtle, as even seemingly docile species can bite if they feel threatened. It is important to leave turtles undisturbed in their natural environment.
If a turtle is crossing a road, assistance can be provided only if it is safe to do so without risking personal injury. Always move the turtle in the direction it was already heading, as they have a destination in mind and will likely try to cross again if turned back. Never pick up a turtle by its tail, as this can cause severe spinal injuries, especially to snapping turtles. If a turtle appears injured or in distress, contact local wildlife authorities or a certified wildlife rehabilitator for guidance, rather than attempting to care for it yourself.