Pepto-Bismol is an over-the-counter medication that uses bismuth subsalicylate to relieve various digestive discomforts and temporary upset stomach symptoms.
Understanding Pepto-Bismol’s Uses
Pepto-Bismol alleviates several common digestive symptoms. It helps with general upset stomach, indigestion, heartburn, and nausea. Heartburn is a burning sensation in the chest or throat caused by stomach acid, and nausea is the sensation of an urge to vomit. Pepto-Bismol is also effective in treating diarrhea, including traveler’s diarrhea, by reducing inflammation, increasing fluid absorption, and blocking bacterial toxins. Its properties include antibacterial and anti-inflammatory actions.
Administering Pepto-Bismol Correctly
Pepto-Bismol is available in liquid, chewable tablets, and caplets. For adults and children 12 years and older, the standard liquid dose is typically 30 mL. This can be taken every 30 minutes as needed for upset stomach, nausea, heartburn, or indigestion. For diarrhea, the dosage might be 30 mL every 30 minutes or 60 mL every hour. Do not exceed eight doses (240 mL) within a 24-hour period for the original strength liquid.
When using liquid forms, shake the bottle well before measuring each dose. Use the provided dosing cup or a medicine-specific measuring device rather than household spoons, which may not be accurate. For chewable tablets, adults and children 12 years and older take two tablets per dose, chewing them thoroughly before swallowing. These can be taken every 30 minutes for upset stomach symptoms, or two tablets every 30 minutes (or four tablets every hour) for diarrhea, with a maximum of 16 tablets (eight doses) in 24 hours.
For children under 12, standard Pepto-Bismol (bismuth subsalicylate) products are not recommended. Specific children’s formulations like Pepto Kids are available for certain symptoms. Pepto Kids chewable tablets contain calcium carbonate, not bismuth subsalicylate. They are designed for children aged 2 and older to treat heartburn, sour stomach, acid indigestion, and upset stomach, but not diarrhea. Dosage for Pepto Kids depends on the child’s age and weight, and instructions on the product label should be followed carefully.
When to Exercise Caution
Exercise caution when using Pepto-Bismol. Do not take it if you have salicylate allergies (like aspirin), as it contains bismuth subsalicylate, a related chemical. Avoid use with black or bloody stools, a stomach ulcer (unless doctor-prescribed for H. pylori), or bleeding problems.
Children and teenagers recovering from viral infections like chickenpox or the flu should not take Pepto-Bismol due to the risk of Reye’s syndrome. This rare but severe illness can cause brain and liver swelling, potentially leading to damage or death. Symptoms of Reye’s syndrome include changes in behavior, nausea, and vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention if these occur.
Pepto-Bismol can interact with other medications, increasing side effect risk. Use caution or avoid if taking blood thinners like warfarin, as the salicylate content can increase bleeding risk. Other interacting medications include certain diabetes drugs, gout medications, and some antibiotics like tetracyclines. Temporary darkening of the tongue or stool is a common side effect, resolving a few days after stopping. Seek medical advice if symptoms worsen, persist over two days, or if severe side effects like ringing in the ears or hearing loss occur.