Swelling is a common response following wisdom teeth removal. This occurs as the body initiates healing, increasing blood flow and sending inflammatory cells to the surgical site to begin tissue repair. While normal, managing this swelling can improve comfort during healing.
Immediate Measures to Reduce Swelling
Applying cold therapy immediately after wisdom teeth removal is an effective way to minimize swelling. Ice packs work by constricting blood vessels, reducing blood flow and controlling inflammation. It also provides a numbing effect, offering pain relief.
Wrap ice packs in a towel to prevent direct skin contact, which can cause discomfort or frostbite. Apply the ice pack to the outside of the face, directly over the surgical site, for cycles of 20 minutes on and 20 minutes off. This cycling is most beneficial during the first 24 to 48 hours post-surgery, as ice therapy loses effectiveness thereafter.
Medication for Swelling and Discomfort
Medications help manage swelling and pain after wisdom tooth extraction. Over-the-counter (OTC) anti-inflammatory drugs are often recommended for their dual action. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve) reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandins, compounds that contribute to pain and swelling.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) can also be used, often with an NSAID, blocking pain signals in the central nervous system and complementing NSAID effects. For more severe pain, a dentist may prescribe stronger medications, including narcotics, which should be taken strictly as directed, usually with food to prevent nausea. Always adhere to prescribed dosage and timing to maximize benefit and minimize side effects.
Supporting Recovery Through Daily Habits
Lifestyle practices contribute to reducing swelling and promoting recovery. Maintaining a soft diet is important, especially during the first 24 to 48 hours, to avoid irritating surgical sites. Initially, clear liquids, broths, and smoothies are recommended, with soft foods like mashed potatoes, yogurt, or scrambled eggs gradually introduced as comfort allows. Avoid using straws, as suction can dislodge the blood clot, potentially leading to dry socket.
Staying hydrated by drinking water is beneficial, aiding healing and flushing toxins. Elevating the head with extra pillows while resting or sleeping can help minimize swelling by promoting fluid drainage. Avoiding strenuous physical activity for at least five days after surgery is advised, as increased heart rate can exacerbate pain, bleeding, and swelling. Gentle oral hygiene, such as careful brushing with a soft-bristle toothbrush and rinsing with warm salt water after 24 hours, helps keep the area clean without disturbing the clot.
Recognizing Concerning Swelling
While some swelling is normal after wisdom teeth removal, certain signs may indicate a complication requiring attention. Swelling typically peaks around 48 to 72 hours post-surgery and should gradually decrease. If swelling increases or spreads beyond this timeframe, it could signal an infection.
Other concerning symptoms include a fever (exceeding 101°F/38.3°C), severe pain not managed by medication, or pus or foul-smelling discharge from the extraction site. Difficulty swallowing or breathing, or an inability to open the mouth widely (trismus), also warrant immediate contact with your oral surgeon or dentist. Prompt communication with your dental professional ensures timely assessment and intervention.