Calathea plants, known for their striking foliage and vibrant patterns, have become popular houseplants. These tropical beauties, often called “prayer plants” due to their leaves folding up at night, require specific care to thrive. Repotting is a necessary aspect of their maintenance, ensuring they have adequate space and fresh nutrients for continued healthy growth. Understanding when and how to properly repot your Calathea is important for its long-term well-being.
Recognizing When to Repot
Several indicators suggest a Calathea is ready for repotting, typically every one to two years. One common sign is when roots begin to emerge from the drainage holes at the bottom of the pot or are visibly circling the top of the soil. This indicates the plant has become “rootbound,” its root system having outgrown its current container.
Another cue is if the soil dries out much faster than usual, even with consistent watering, as the dense root ball leaves less room for moisture retention. Stunted growth or a general decline in vigor, such as wilting or yellowing leaves, also indicate a need for repotting. The ideal time to repot a Calathea is during early spring or early summer, before its active growing season, allowing the plant to recover quickly.
Preparing for Repotting
Gathering materials ensures a smooth transition for your Calathea. Selecting the right pot size is important; choose a new pot that is approximately one to two inches (2.5 to 5 cm) larger in diameter than the current one. A pot that is too large can lead to root rot, while one too small will quickly restrict growth. The new container must have drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.
Calatheas require a potting mix that is both well-draining and moisture-retentive. A suitable blend often includes a base of peat moss or coco coir (40-50%) for moisture retention, combined with perlite or orchid bark (10-25%) for aeration and drainage. Some mixes also incorporate worm castings for nutrients or activated charcoal to help remove toxins. Have gloves, a small trowel or scoop, and a watering can ready.
Step-by-Step Repotting Process
Water your Calathea thoroughly the day before repotting; this loosens the soil and hydrates the plant, reducing transplant shock. To remove the plant from its old pot, gently tip the container on its side and carefully slide the plant out, supporting the base of the stems. Avoid pulling the plant by its foliage, which can cause damage. If the plant is stuck, gently squeeze a plastic pot or run a knife around the inner edge of a rigid pot to loosen the soil.
Once out, gently loosen any circling roots at the bottom of the root ball and inspect them. Healthy roots appear white and firm. Trim away brown or mushy roots, which indicate rot, with sterilized scissors.
Add a layer of fresh potting mix to the bottom of the new pot, creating a mound to support the root ball. Center your Calathea in the new pot, ensuring the top of the root ball is at the same level as in the previous pot, about an inch below the rim. Fill the remaining space around the root ball with potting mix, gently tamping to remove large air pockets but avoiding over-compaction.
Post Repotting Care
After repotting, water the Calathea lightly to settle the new soil and provide initial hydration. Place the repotted plant in bright, indirect light, avoiding direct sunlight that could scorch its leaves. Calatheas thrive in high humidity; maintaining a humid environment after repotting aids recovery. This can be achieved with a pebble tray or by grouping plants.
Avoid fertilizing your Calathea for at least four to six weeks after repotting. During this period, the plant focuses on developing new roots and recovering from transplantation stress; fertilizers could burn new growth. Monitor for stress signs like droopy leaves, which are normal for a few days as the plant adjusts. Consistent, non-waterlogged soil moisture and stable environmental conditions aid recovery and renewed growth.