Orthodontic elastics are a frequent and important part of orthodontic treatment. These small, flexible components work with braces to apply specific forces that guide teeth and jaws into their correct positions. Consistent use is fundamental for achieving desired bite alignment and overall treatment success.
What Are Orthodontic Elastics?
Orthodontic elastics are small, specialized bands typically made from medical-grade latex or synthetic silicone for those with latex sensitivities. They are distinct from the small ligatures that hold the archwire to individual brackets. These elastics come in various sizes and thicknesses, corresponding to different force levels (light, medium, or heavy). An orthodontist prescribes the precise type and configuration of elastics to generate the necessary pressure for tooth movement and bite correction.
They connect to small hooks or buttons on the braces, often spanning between the upper and lower dental arches. This inter-arch placement allows them to exert continuous, gentle forces that address various bite issues, such as overbites (Class II malocclusion) or underbites (Class III malocclusion). Some elastics may also be used within a single arch to close spaces or in vertical patterns to correct open bites. Their application helps move teeth and align jaws to reshape the dental arch.
Applying Your Elastics Step-by-Step
Before handling elastics, wash your hands thoroughly to maintain oral hygiene. Using a mirror can help accurately place the bands, especially when first learning. Your orthodontist provides specific instructions on which hooks or buttons to use for your treatment plan. Identify these designated attachment points on your upper and lower braces before applying the elastic.
To apply an elastic, hold it securely between your thumb and pointer finger, or use a plastic hook tool if provided. Gently stretch the elastic and hook one end onto the designated point on either your upper or lower brace. Guide the stretched elastic to the corresponding hook on the opposing arch or within the same arch, as instructed. Biting down lightly can help stabilize your jaw, making it easier to stretch the band to its attachment point. Ensure the elastic is fully seated around both hooks to prevent dislodging.
Maintaining Wear and Addressing Common Issues
Consistent wear of orthodontic elastics is important for effective treatment progression. Orthodontists generally recommend wearing elastics nearly 24 hours a day, removing them only for eating and brushing, unless otherwise advised. Elastics lose elasticity and effectiveness after several hours of wear, typically 8 to 12 hours. Change them at least two to three times daily, such as after each meal and before bedtime, for continuous force application.
If an elastic breaks or falls out, replace it immediately with a fresh one to maintain consistent pressure. Initial discomfort or soreness is normal when first starting elastic wear or after an adjustment. This sensation usually subsides as your mouth adapts. Carry extra elastics to ensure prompt replacement.
Avoid doubling up on elastics or using more than prescribed, as this can apply excessive force and potentially harm teeth. If you consistently struggle with placing elastics or experience recurring issues, contact your orthodontist for guidance.