Aloe vera is a widely favored succulent, known for its easy care and medicinal properties. Regular pruning supports its health and appearance.
Why and When to Prune Aloe Vera
Pruning aloe vera offers several advantages. Removing older, damaged, or diseased leaves redirects energy toward new, healthy growth. This also prevents decaying material from harboring pests or diseases.
Pruning also maintains an attractive shape, preventing the plant from becoming leggy or too large. Removing outer leaves encourages a compact, robust form. Furthermore, pruning alleviates overcrowding, especially when the plant produces numerous offsets or “pups” around its base, which compete for resources. Removing pups also facilitates propagation.
Pruning can be done year-round. It is particularly beneficial when leaves show signs of distress, such as yellowing, browning, or becoming soft and mushy. Pruning is also advisable if the plant becomes leggy or grows too large. While possible anytime, pruning during active growing seasons (spring and summer) promotes quicker recovery and new leaf development.
How to Prune Aloe Vera
Pruning aloe vera requires sharp, clean tools like pruning shears or a knife. Sterilize tools with rubbing alcohol before and after use to prevent disease spread.
Inspect the plant to identify leaves for removal. Focus on the oldest, outermost leaves, which may be yellowing, browning, or wilting. Cut the leaf as close to the main stem as possible with a clean, straight cut. Avoid leaving stubs, as these can be an entry point for pathogens.
Remove only necessary leaves, as over-pruning stresses the plant. Avoid removing more than one-third of the plant at once, ensuring at least 8-10 healthy leaves remain. Do not cut the youngest leaves in the center, as they are crucial for future growth.
If your aloe vera has produced small offshoots, or “pups,” you can remove them to reduce crowding or for propagation. Gently dig around the pup’s base to expose its connection to the mother plant. Use a clean, sharp knife to carefully slice the pup away, ensuring it has some roots attached if possible. If the pup lacks roots, allow the cut end to callus for two to three days before planting.
What to Do After Pruning
After pruning, allow cut areas to dry and form a callus, which typically takes a few days. This callusing prevents rot and disease. Adjust watering, giving less frequently until new growth appears.
Ensure the plant receives adequate light, as sunlight supports healing and new development. Monitor for signs of stress or vigorous new growth.
Removed aloe vera leaves can be used for their gel. To harvest, wash the leaf thoroughly. Stand it upright in a container for a few hours to drain the yellowish latex (aloin), which can be irritating. After draining, slice off spiny edges and the top layer, then scoop out the clear gel.
This gel can soothe skin irritations or minor burns. Store fresh gel in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to two weeks.