Wet wraps are an at-home treatment used to soothe inflamed skin associated with eczema, particularly for moderate to severe cases. This technique involves applying damp bandages over moisturizers or medicated creams to the affected areas, providing comfort and supporting skin recovery. While often performed in a hospital setting for severe cases, wet wraps can also be managed at home to help reduce flare-ups.
How Wet Wraps Work
Wet wraps alleviate eczema symptoms through several mechanisms. As water slowly evaporates from the damp bandages, it creates a cooling sensation on the skin, reducing inflammation, itching, and soreness. The moist environment created by the wet layer also enhances the absorption of emollients and topical medications, allowing them to penetrate deeper into the skin.
Beyond cooling and enhanced absorption, wet wraps rehydrate the skin, promoting a longer-lasting moisturizing effect by locking in emollients. This rehydration softens the skin and supports the healing process. The bandages also serve as a physical barrier, protecting irritated skin from scratching and helping to break the “itch-scratch cycle” that can worsen eczema and prevent healing.
Gathering Your Supplies and Preparing the Skin
Gathering all necessary supplies ensures a smooth application. You will need:
Clean, soft, breathable fabric (cotton bandages, gauze, tubular garments like long underwear, onesies, cotton gloves, or socks)
Warm water
Prescribed emollient or topical medication
Scissors
Clean towels
Dry outer layer (pajamas, sweatsuits, or a second layer of dry cotton clothing)
Preparing the skin is important before applying wet wraps. Start by taking a lukewarm bath for 5 to 10 minutes, using a gentle, fragrance-free cleanser without scrubbing the skin. After bathing, gently pat the skin dry with a soft towel, leaving it slightly damp. Within a few minutes, apply any prescribed topical medication to the affected areas, followed by a generous layer of moisturizer to the rest of the body, allowing a few minutes for absorption before proceeding with the wraps.
Applying the Wet Wraps
Applying wet wraps involves a two-layer system. Begin by moistening the inner cotton dressing or fabric in warm water, then gently wring out any excess water until it is damp but not dripping. Wrap this damp layer directly around the affected skin areas, ensuring full contact with the previously applied medication and moisturizer. Apply this layer gently, without wrapping it too tightly, which could restrict blood flow or cause discomfort.
Next, place a dry outer layer over the damp inner layer. This dry layer, which can be another cotton bandage, pajamas, or a sweatsuit, helps to secure the wet dressing in place and further seal in the moisture and medication. For areas like arms and legs, tubular bandages or pre-made garments can be particularly useful, while cotton gloves or socks are suitable for hands and feet. For facial eczema, a medical professional may recommend specific techniques using gauze and surgical netting, as the skin on the face is more sensitive and can absorb medications more intensely.
Practical Advice and When to Seek Medical Guidance
Wet wraps are left on for several hours, from two hours during the day to overnight (6-8 hours), depending on individual tolerance and eczema severity. The frequency of application also varies; for severe flares, daily application might be recommended, while moderate cases may benefit from once or twice weekly application. If the inner layer dries out, you can re-wet it by removing the dry outer layer and spraying water before reapplying the dry layer.
Monitor the skin during wet wrap therapy to identify any adverse reactions. After removing the wraps, gently peel them off and reapply a fresh layer of moisturizer to maintain hydration. Wet wraps can increase the absorption of topical steroids, which may lead to increased potency, so discuss any concerns with a healthcare provider. Consult a healthcare professional if you experience:
New rashes
Worsening symptoms
Fever
Redness
Pain
Signs of infection (yellowish-orange crusting or pus-filled blisters)
Also consult if you have questions about using specific creams or medications under the wraps.