Wisdom tooth removal is a common dental procedure, often performed when these third molars cause issues like pain, crowding, or infection. While the extraction itself is typically straightforward, some pain and discomfort are expected during the recovery period. Various effective strategies can help manage these symptoms and promote a smoother healing process.
Managing Pain and Swelling at Home
Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) or naproxen (Aleve), are often recommended for mild to moderate pain. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) can also be used if nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are not suitable. For more severe pain, a dentist or oral surgeon might prescribe stronger medications, which can be alternated with ibuprofen.
Applying an ice pack to the face helps reduce swelling and discomfort. Wrap the ice pack in a thin cloth and apply it to the surgical site for 15 to 20 minutes, followed by a 15 to 20-minute break. Repeat this cycle for the first 24 to 48 hours after surgery to minimize inflammation. Resting with the head elevated above the heart using extra pillows also helps reduce blood flow to the extraction site, minimizing swelling and throbbing pain. This elevation is beneficial during sleep to aid fluid drainage.
Dietary and Oral Hygiene Guidelines
Diet and oral hygiene are important for managing discomfort and supporting healing after wisdom tooth removal. Immediately following the procedure, consume only very soft foods or liquids, such as yogurt, mashed potatoes, or lukewarm soups. Over the next few days, gradually reintroduce semi-soft foods like eggs, pasta, or soft vegetables. Avoid hot or cold extremes in food and drink, as well as crunchy, crumbly, spicy, or acidic items, as these can irritate the surgical site or dislodge the blood clot. Drink plenty of water, but avoid using straws for at least a week, as the suction can dislodge the protective blood clot and lead to a painful condition called dry socket.
Maintaining oral hygiene is also important, but with caution. On the day of surgery, avoid rinsing the mouth to allow blood clots to form undisturbed. Starting the day after surgery, gentle rinsing with warm salt water (about half a teaspoon of salt in 8 ounces of warm water) two to three times a day can help keep the area clean, reduce swelling, and prevent infection. Swish gently and let the water fall out of the mouth rather than spitting forcefully. Brushing teeth gently is permissible, but avoid the surgical site directly for the first 24 hours.
When to Seek Professional Advice
While some discomfort is normal after wisdom tooth removal, certain signs and symptoms warrant immediate contact with a dentist or oral surgeon. Persistent or worsening severe pain that does not respond to prescribed medication could indicate a complication like dry socket, where the protective blood clot dislodges, exposing bone and nerves. Report excessive bleeding that continues for more than 24 hours, or a sudden increase in bleeding.
Other concerning symptoms include fever, especially if it exceeds 101°F (38.3°C), which could signal an infection. The presence of pus or unusual discharge from the extraction site, persistent bad breath not improved by hygiene, or a foul taste in the mouth also indicate a potential infection. Severe swelling that spreads beyond the surgical site or does not subside after a few days, and difficulty breathing or swallowing, require prompt medical attention.