The Crassula perforata ‘Variegata’, commonly known as Variegated String of Buttons, is a distinctive succulent prized for its unique appearance. Its stacked, button-like leaves create an intriguing architectural form, making it a sought-after addition for succulent enthusiasts.
Unique Characteristics of Variegated String of Buttons
The Variegated String of Buttons stands out due to its striking coloration and growth habit. Its triangular leaves are arranged in opposing pairs that spiral around the stem, creating a stacked, beaded appearance. The variegation displays a mix of greens, creams, and yellows. With ample bright light, leaf edges often develop a rosy pink or red blush, which can deepen under light stress. The texture of the leaves is fleshy and plump, characteristic of succulents adapted to store water.
Optimal Care for Your Variegated String of Buttons
Light Requirements
Variegated String of Buttons thrives in bright, indirect light to maintain its vibrant variegation and compact growth. Place it near a south-facing window indoors or in a spot with filtered sunlight outdoors. Some direct morning sun can intensify pink and red hues, but too much intense, direct sunlight can scorch delicate variegated sections. Insufficient light causes etiolation, where stems stretch and leaf nodes elongate. This also diminishes variegation, causing leaves to revert to a uniform green. Ensuring consistent bright light is important for preserving its distinctive appearance.
Watering Needs
Water Variegated String of Buttons using the “soak and dry” method. Thoroughly drench the soil until water drains from the pot’s bottom, then allow the soil to dry completely before the next watering. Overwatering is a common cause of root rot, which can be fatal for the plant.
Adjust watering frequency seasonally, with less water needed in winter and more during spring and summer. Water when the top inch or two of soil feels dry. Watering at the base helps prevent moisture from sitting on leaves and stems, which can lead to fungal problems.
Soil and Potting
Variegated String of Buttons requires a well-draining succulent or cactus mix. This mix should include mineral grit like pumice, perlite, or coarse sand, making up 50% to 70% of the substrate for rapid drainage. This prevents waterlogging.
Pots with drainage holes are essential to prevent root rot. Terracotta pots are often preferred as their porous nature helps wick away moisture. The pot size should be appropriate for the plant’s root ball, as a large pot can retain excessive moisture.
Temperature and Humidity
This succulent prefers average household temperatures, ideally between 60°F and 80°F (15°C to 27°C). It tolerates slightly cooler temperatures but must be protected from frost, as it is not cold hardy below 20°F (-6.7°C). If outdoor temperatures are expected to drop significantly, bringing the plant indoors is advisable. Variegated String of Buttons is adapted to dry conditions and tolerates average indoor humidity well. High humidity is not preferred; ensure good air circulation.
Fertilization
Variegated String of Buttons does not require frequent fertilization, as it is adapted to nutrient-poor soils. A diluted balanced liquid fertilizer can be applied sparingly during its active growing season in spring and summer. Over-fertilization can harm the plant.
Apply fertilizer once a month at half-strength during the growing period. Avoid fertilization entirely during the plant’s dormancy in fall and winter. For young plants, a low-nitrogen fertilizer might be considered, while mature plants can handle a balanced formula.
Propagating New Plants
Propagating Variegated String of Buttons is straightforward using stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem segment and make a clean cut. Remove lower leaves from the cutting.
Allow the cut end to callus in a dry, airy place for a few days; this prevents rot. Once callused, plant the cutting upright in well-draining succulent soil, ensuring it is firm. Water sparingly until roots establish, then resume a normal watering schedule.
Addressing Common Challenges
Loss of Variegation
Loss of variegation, where the plant reverts to an all-green hue, is often due to insufficient light. The plant produces more chlorophyll in low light. Moving the plant to a brighter location can encourage variegation in new growth.
Leggy Growth (Etiolation)
Leggy growth (etiolation), characterized by elongated stems and widely spaced leaves, results from inadequate light. The plant stretches to find more light. Relocate the plant to a brighter spot. Existing leggy growth will not revert, but new growth will be compact.
Root Rot
Root rot is a common issue caused by overwatering. Symptoms include mushy stems and leaves, and a generally unhealthy, wilting appearance. To prevent it, ensure the plant is in well-draining soil and a pot with drainage holes, allowing the soil to dry completely between waterings.
If root rot is suspected, the plant can sometimes be saved by unpotting, trimming away affected roots, allowing it to dry, and repotting in fresh, dry soil.
Pests
Variegated String of Buttons can encounter pests like mealybugs and spider mites. These small insects cluster on leaves and stems, draining the plant’s sap. Inspect regularly to detect infestations early. Treat by applying insecticidal soap, neem oil, or wiping affected areas with rubbing alcohol.