The variegated pineapple (Ananas comosus ‘Variegatus’) is an ornamental plant with striking, sword-like leaves adorned with cream, yellow, or pink stripes. It often produces a smaller, distinctively colored fruit. Originating from tropical regions, it thrives in similar warm, humid environments.
Growing Variegated Pineapple
Light Needs
Variegated pineapple plants need bright, indirect light. Place them near a south or west-facing window, avoiding direct sun. Sufficient light maintains variegation; inadequate light dulls patterns, causing leaves to revert to green. Direct sun can scorch leaves. Filtered light, like that from a sheer curtain, protects foliage. Rotate periodically for even exposure.
Watering Practices
Allow soil to dry slightly between waterings, checking the top 1-2 inches before watering. Saturate the soil until water drains from the pot’s bottom. Fill the plant’s central cup, or “tank,” with water, as pineapples absorb moisture through foliage. Regularly flush this cup to prevent stagnation and debris buildup, which can lead to fungal issues.
Soil Requirements
Use a well-draining, porous soil mix to prevent waterlogging and allow good aeration. A suitable potting mix provides ideal conditions. The plant prefers a slightly acidic to neutral soil pH. Repot only when root-bound, every two to three years.
Temperature and Humidity
As a tropical plant, variegated pineapple thrives in warm temperatures (ideally 65-80°F) but is sensitive to cold drafts and temperatures below 60°F, which hinder growth and cause leaf damage. Protect from sudden temperature fluctuations.
High humidity levels are important, replicating its native rainforest environment. Aim for humidity above 60%. Increase humidity by placing the pot on a pebble tray with water, grouping it with other plants, or using a room humidifier. Misting offers a temporary boost but is less effective for sustained humidity.
Fertilizing
Variegated pineapple plants benefit from regular, light fertilization during their active growing season (spring-summer). Use a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half or quarter strength, every 2-4 weeks.
Alternatively, apply a slow-release granular fertilizer at the beginning of the growing season. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can lead to salt buildup and root damage. Reduce or cease fertilization during cooler, dormant months.
Propagating Variegated Pineapple
Propagating variegated pineapple is most commonly achieved from a ripe fruit’s leafy top, or crown. Select a healthy, unblemished crown.
To propagate, twist the crown off the fruit, ensuring a small portion of the core remains attached. Remove fruit remnants and lower leaves to expose about an inch of stem, where new roots will emerge. Allow the crown to dry and callus for several days in a well-ventilated area to prevent rot.
Once callused, plant the crown in a pot with a well-draining potting mix, burying the exposed stem up to the base of the leaves. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged, and place the potted crown in a warm location with bright, indirect light. Root development typically takes weeks to a few months. Propagation can also occur from suckers or “pups” from the mature plant base.
Understanding the Fruit
The variegated pineapple fruit is visually distinct and ornamental. Unlike large, commercially grown pineapples, it is smaller, with skin frequently displaying shades of pink, red, or purple, complementing the foliage.
While edible, its flavor is less sweet and often more fibrous than common varieties. Usually consumed fresh, its primary appeal remains decorative. The fruit takes months to ripen, changing color from green to mature hues. Harvest when fully colored and emitting a faint, sweet aroma.
Common Issues and Solutions
Variegated pineapple plants are resilient, but common issues arise. Yellowing or browning leaf tips often indicate underwatering or low humidity; increase watering frequency, ensure the central cup is filled, and boost ambient humidity. Soft, mushy leaves or a rotting base signal overwatering and poor drainage; allow soil to dry more between waterings and ensure adequate drainage holes.
Loss of variegation, where distinct stripes fade and leaves become green, usually signals insufficient light. Move the plant to a brighter location with more indirect light to restore vibrant patterns. Pests like mealybugs or scale insects can occasionally infest. Manage these by wiping affected areas with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol or applying an insecticidal soap.