The Tiger Kalanchoe (Kalanchoe humilis) is a captivating succulent known for its distinctive foliage and upright growth habit. Its unique appearance makes it a popular, visually appealing, and relatively low-maintenance addition to indoor or outdoor plant collections. Its striking markings add an exotic touch, appealing to both novice and experienced gardeners.
Understanding Tiger Kalanchoe
The Tiger Kalanchoe, scientifically known as Kalanchoe humilis, originates from East Africa, specifically Tanzania, Malawi, and Mozambique. This succulent features thick, fleshy leaves with striking maroon, brown, or purple markings against a pale green or grayish-green background. These horizontal stripes give the plant its “Tiger” moniker.
Leaves are egg-shaped, up to 5.5 inches long and 2.4 inches wide, arranged in upright rosettes. While primarily grown for its foliage, it can produce small, inconspicuous purple to green flowers on erect, branched inflorescences up to 12 inches tall in mid-summer. The plant typically reaches 12 inches in height, with stems that can become woody at the base.
Caring for Your Tiger Kalanchoe
Light
Tiger Kalanchoe thrives in bright, indirect light conditions. Adequate light is important for maintaining the vibrant coloration of its leaves and promoting compact growth. If the plant receives too little light, it may become leggy or stretched out, and its colors can fade. Conversely, too much direct, intense sunlight can scorch the leaves, causing brown spots or a dull appearance. Place it near a south-facing window indoors or in partial shade outdoors during peak sun hours.
Watering
Proper watering is important for the health of your Tiger Kalanchoe, as with most succulents. The “soak and dry” method is recommended: water thoroughly until it drains from the pot, then allow the soil to dry completely before rewatering. Overwatering is a common problem and can lead to root rot, which is difficult to reverse. It is generally better to underwater than to overwater this plant. Adjust frequency seasonally, watering more in spring/summer and less in fall/winter.
Soil
Tiger Kalanchoe needs a well-draining, porous soil mix. A specialized succulent or cactus potting mix is ideal, as it is formulated to prevent waterlogging and promote healthy root development. For homemade blends, incorporate perlite, coarse sand, or grit to improve drainage and aeration. The container must have drainage holes.
Temperature and Humidity
Tiger Kalanchoe prefers average room temperatures, generally between 60-75°F (15-24°C). It is not cold hardy and cannot tolerate freezing temperatures; exposure below 55°F (12°C) can cause irreversible damage or death. Bring outdoor plants indoors before frost. The plant tolerates typical household humidity and does not require high humidity.
Fertilizing
Fertilizing your Tiger Kalanchoe is beneficial during its active growing season (spring through summer). Apply a balanced or succulent-specific liquid fertilizer, diluted to half strength, once a month or every two weeks. Over-fertilizing can be detrimental, potentially leading to lush foliage at the expense of flowers or even harming the plant. Avoid fertilizing in fall and winter when growth slows.
Propagating Tiger Kalanchoe
Propagating Tiger Kalanchoe is straightforward, typically using stem or leaf cuttings. For stem cuttings, cut a healthy, mature stem just above a leaf with a clean, sharp knife or scissors. For leaf cuttings, gently twist a healthy leaf from the main plant, ensuring no part remains on the stem.
After taking cuttings, allow them to sit in a dry, warm place for a few days to a week. This callusing step helps the cut end dry and form a protective layer, preventing rot. Once callused, plant cuttings in a well-draining succulent or cactus soil mix. Keep the soil lightly moist and provide bright, indirect light until roots establish (several weeks).
Common Problems and Solutions
Tiger Kalanchoe is generally resilient, but issues often stem from improper care. Overwatering causes mushy stems, yellowing leaves, and root rot; reduce watering and ensure well-draining soil. Underwatering causes shriveled or dull leaves, remedied by thorough watering.
Pest infestations are less common indoors but can occur (mealybugs, aphids, spider mites). Regularly inspect your plant for insects or sticky residue. For minor infestations, dislodge pests with water or wipe them with rubbing alcohol. Neem oil or insecticidal soap sprays are effective for persistent issues.
Toxicity Considerations
It is important to note that all Kalanchoe species, including Tiger Kalanchoe (Kalanchoe humilis), are toxic to pets (cats and dogs) and humans if ingested. The plant contains bufadienolide cardiac glycosides, which can cause various symptoms. Common signs of ingestion in pets include gastrointestinal upset (vomiting, diarrhea), lethargy, and in severe cases, abnormal heart rhythms. Keep Tiger Kalanchoe out of reach of children and pets.