The Tall Slipper Plant (Euphorbia tirucalli), also known as Pencil Cactus or Firestick Plant, is a distinctive succulent. It is popular for its striking form and vibrant coloration. Its relatively easy care makes it a sought-after addition to various plant collections.
Identifying the Tall Slipper Plant
The Euphorbia tirucalli has slender, cylindrical stems resembling pencils. These stems are green when young, maturing into red, orange, or yellow hues with direct sunlight or cooler temperatures. Its upright, branching growth often forms a dense, shrub-like structure, reaching several feet tall.
The Tall Slipper Plant has very small, inconspicuous leaves that quickly drop off, leaving the vibrant, coral-like stems as its primary visual feature. Native to arid regions of Africa, including East Africa and Madagascar, its succulent nature allows it to thrive in dry conditions, reflected in its drought tolerance.
Optimal Growing Conditions
The Tall Slipper Plant thrives in full sun to bright indirect light for at least six to eight hours daily. This light encourages vibrant red, orange, and yellow hues, especially in ‘Sticks on Fire’ varieties. Indoors, a south-facing window or strong direct light is beneficial. Insufficient light leads to greener, leggy growth.
Well-draining soil is crucial for Euphorbia tirucalli to prevent root rot in waterlogged conditions. A sandy soil mix or specialized succulent/cactus potting mix provides necessary drainage; perlite or coarse sand enhances aeration. The plant prefers warm temperatures, ideally 65°F to 75°F (18°C-24°C), and tolerates temperatures down to 30°F (-1.1°C).
As a drought-tolerant succulent, the Tall Slipper Plant requires infrequent watering. Allow the soil to dry out completely between waterings to prevent moisture issues. During the active growing season (spring and summer), water every 7 to 10 days, depending on conditions. Reduce watering significantly in cooler months. Low humidity levels are also preferred.
Ongoing Care and Propagation
Fertilizing the Tall Slipper Plant is not a frequent requirement due to its low-nutrient needs. During the active growing season, apply a balanced, diluted liquid succulent fertilizer every four to six weeks. Over-fertilization can lead to weak, leggy growth. No fertilization is necessary during dormant winter months.
Pruning maintains the plant’s shape, controls size, or removes damaged stems. The best time for pruning is during spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. Repotting is only necessary when the plant outgrows its container, typically every two to three years, or when the soil becomes compacted.
Propagation is straightforward through stem cuttings. Cut healthy stem segments, approximately 4-6 inches long, and allow them to callus for several days in a dry, well-ventilated area. Once callused, insert cuttings into a well-draining succulent mix. Roots typically form within a few weeks, and new growth emerges shortly after.
Addressing Common Concerns
The Tall Slipper Plant is resistant to most pests and diseases when provided optimal growing conditions. Mealybugs may occasionally appear, managed by wiping them with rubbing alcohol. Good air circulation and avoiding overwatering help prevent fungal issues.
A significant safety consideration is the plant’s milky white sap, known as latex. This sap is a skin and eye irritant and toxic if ingested. Direct contact can cause redness, itching, burning, or severe eye irritation and temporary blindness. Always wear gloves and eye protection when handling the plant, and wash hands thoroughly afterward.