Stapelia divaricata, known as a “carrion flower” or “starfish plant,” is a succulent from Southern Africa. This plant features fleshy, light green stems that can develop a reddish hue with sun exposure. Its star-shaped flowers are distinctive, making it a fascinating addition to any plant collection.
Caring for Stapelia Divaricata
Light
Stapelia divaricata thrives in bright, indirect light conditions. While it appreciates ample sunlight, direct exposure to intense midday sun can cause stems to develop protective pigmentation or sunburn. Insufficient light can result in etiolation, where the plant develops stretched, weak stems and produces fewer flowers. Indoors, position it near the brightest window for healthy growth.
Watering
Proper watering is paramount for Stapelia divaricata. Use the “soak and dry” method: water thoroughly until it drains from the pot, then allow the soil to dry out completely before the next watering. During winter dormancy, the plant requires significantly less water, often only about once a month. Wrinkled stems can indicate a need for water, but it is better to err on the side of underwatering than overwatering.
Soil
A well-draining succulent or cactus mix is essential for Stapelia divaricata. The soil should contain a high percentage of mineral grit, such as pumice, perlite, or coarse sand. This porous mix facilitates rapid drainage, preventing water from lingering around the roots. Using a pot with drainage holes is also important.
Temperature and Humidity
Stapelia divaricata prefers warm temperatures, thriving between 70°F and 95°F (21°C to 35°C). It is not tolerant of cold and should be protected from temperatures below 50°F (10°C). Bring the plant indoors during colder months to prevent damage. The plant tolerates average home humidity and benefits from good air circulation, which helps prevent fungal issues.
Fertilizing
Stapelia divaricata has modest nutritional needs. During its active growing season in spring and summer, a diluted succulent fertilizer applied at half the recommended strength once a month can encourage growth and blooming. Avoid fertilizing during its dormant period in autumn and winter.
The Unique Flowers and Scent
The flowers of Stapelia divaricata are star-shaped with five lobes. They can reach up to 2.2 inches (5.5 cm) in diameter, appearing in clusters at the base of the stems, often in late summer and fall. The corolla can vary in color, ranging from creamy white to pink, or pale greenish-brown, sometimes with a reddish-purple tinge.
A notable characteristic of these blooms is their carrion-like scent, reminiscent of rotting flesh. This odor attracts flies, which act as pollinators. Despite the smell, the visual appeal of the unique flowers makes Stapelia divaricata a fascinating addition.
Propagating Stapelia Divaricata
Propagating Stapelia divaricata is commonly achieved through stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem and use a clean, sharp knife or shears to cut a section, typically 2-4 inches long. Allow the severed end to dry and form a callus for a few days to a week to prevent rot.
Once callused, plant it about an inch deep into a pot filled with well-draining succulent or cactus mix. Rooting hormone can promote faster root development. Place the potted cutting in a bright location away from direct sunlight and water sparingly, allowing the soil to dry completely between waterings. New growth indicates successful rooting.
Troubleshooting Common Problems
Root Rot
Root rot is a frequent issue for Stapelia divaricata, caused by overwatering and inadequate drainage. Signs include mushy or discolored stems. To address this, remove the plant from its pot, inspect the roots, and trim away any soft, blackened, or decaying sections with sterilized tools. Repot the plant into fresh, well-draining soil with drainage holes, and adjust watering to allow the soil to dry completely between waterings.
Etiolation (Leggy Growth)
Etiolation, characterized by stretched, pale, and weak stems, occurs when Stapelia divaricata does not receive enough light. Move the plant to a brighter location with more indirect sunlight. Etiolated growth cannot revert to its original compact form, but proper light will encourage new, healthy growth.
Pests
Stapelia divaricata can be susceptible to common pests such as mealybugs and spider mites. Mealybugs may appear as small, white, cottony masses on the stems or roots. Regular inspection helps detect infestations early. For treatment, wipe affected areas with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol, or apply organic pest control methods like neem oil.
Lack of Flowering
If Stapelia divaricata is not producing blooms, several factors could contribute. Insufficient light, improper watering, or a lack of a distinct winter dormancy period can hinder flowering. Ensure the plant receives adequate light, appropriate watering, and a winter rest period to encourage flowering.